Journal of Foreign Languages, Cultures and Civilizations
June 2021, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 1-40
ISSN 2333-5882 (Print) 2333-5890 (Online)
Copyright © The Author(s). All Rights Reserved.
Published by American Research Institute for Policy Development
DOI: 10.15640/jflcc.v9n1a1
URL: https://doi.org/10.15640/jflcc.v9n1a1
Constructing a New Educational Model: Empathy Building as a Component of
Pluricultural Awareness
Julia Aliverti
1
& Ioannis Karras
2
Abstract
Cultural communities are currently influenced by the process of globalization and the advancement of
technology. The mono-cultural context encountered in previous eras is turning into a pluri-cultural and
intercultural context, inevitably affecting cultural identity. This article aims to explore whether
developing students' empathy, while exploring their cultural identities, succeeds in informing the
learning experience with a more culturally-sensitive ethos. Our hypothesis is that by applying an
educational model that can develop empathy in the classroom through ELT practices, we can
simultaneously work towards ICC development, through binding the curriculum to real-world service
activities, and form the bedrock of democratic intercultural citizenship. The conducted context-specific
participatory action research attempts to elucidate the above hypothesis, using student questionnaires
before and after the implementation of the proposed syllabus, and in-depth interviews to better
understand their perspectives and feelings. The research outcomes support the validity of the
hypothesis, as they indicate that the intervention shows a tendency to enhance empathetic multicultural
awareness. The article concludes with certain practical implications and suggested areas for further
research.
Key words: Culture, Intercultural Communicative Competence, cultural identity, empathy.
Introduction
In the era of globalization, technological advancement, worldwide communication and mobility, people
from different nations and cultures are provided with opportunities to communicate in international settings.
Within this context, English has been playing a prestigious role as an international language (EIL), an efficacious
tool for cross-cultural communication. However, as Communicative Competence without Cultural Awareness
fails to ensure global communication, Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) appears as a key
component in language learning and teaching (Chen and Starosta, 1998; Deardorff, 2004, 2006; Fantini, 2006),
and recent curricula have adopted this scope, facilitating interactions between learners from diverse
backgrounds in an undaunting way. In this framework, the development of a context-appropriate teaching
methodology that embraces a translanguaging pedagogy and respects learners‘ cultural identities could make
school a safe space for intellectual and emotional growth, where pluricultural awareness can unfold.
In this new light, the importance of empathy, acceptance and authenticity in teaching are emphasized,
while theories, principles and approaches that underpin cultural sensitivity in education are discussed (Banks &
Banks, 2007; Underhill, 1990). The claim that people with high levels of plurilingual/pluricultural competence
possess increased cultural empathy, engage in critical thinking, and have agency over their linguistic and
cultural repertoire (Dewaele & van Oudenhoven, 2009; Galante, 2018; Marshall & Moore, 2018), implies
that incorporating pluricultural awareness as an intrinsic part of the education system can lead to intellectual and
emotional development of the students and their teachers, whose new roles should include those of cultural
communicator and intercultural mediator.
We propose that by applying an educational model that can develop empathy in the classroom through
ELT practices, we can simultaneously work towards ICC development, through binding the curriculum to real-
world service activities, and thus form the bedrock of intercultural democratic citizenship.
1
Hellenic Open University, Greece, Email: giulial@otenet.gr, Telephone number: +306943913616
2
Ionian University, Hellenic Open University, Greece, Email: karrasid@gmail.com, Telephone number: +306937049344