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Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2015; 3 (2): 138-141
E-ISSN: 2320-7078
P-ISSN: 2349-6800
JEZS 2015; 3 (2): 138-141
© 2015 JEZS
Received: 30-01-2015
Accepted: 15-02-2015
Gul Zamin Khan
Nuclear Institute for Food and
Agriculture, G.T. Road, Tarnab,
Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
Muhammad Salman
Pakistan Central Cotton Committee,
Cotton Research Station, D.I. Khan,
KPK, Pakistan.
Inamullah Khan
Nuclear Institute for Food and
Agriculture, G.T. Road, Tarnab,
Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
Alam Zeb
Nuclear Institute for Food and
Agriculture, G.T. Road, Tarnab,
Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
Jawad Ali Shah
Department of Agriculture,
University of Swabi, Ambar, KPK,
Pakistan.
Azhar Hussain
Department of Plant Protection, the
University of Agriculture, Peshawar,
KPK, Pakistan.
Ilyas Akbar
Department of Plant Protection, the
University of Agriculture, Peshawar,
KPK, Pakistan.
Aisha Bibi
Department of Statistics, University
of Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
Sajjad Anwar
Sugar Crops Research Institute,
Mardan, KPK, Pakistan.
Tahir Badshah
Department of Agriculture,
University of Haripur, KPK,
Pakistan.
Saifullah
Mountain Agricultural Research
Center, Juglote, Gilgit, Pakistan.
Amir Zaman Shah
Department of Plant Protection, the
University of Agriculture, Peshawar,
KPK, Pakistan
Correspondence:
Muhammad Salman
Muhammad Salman, Cotton Research
Station, Ratta Kulachi Farm, Tehsil
& District Dera Ismail Khan, KPK,
Pakistan.
Assessment of irradiation doses for sterility of
vector mosquito and subsequent mating
compatibility with wild females
Gul Zamin Khan, Muhammad Salman, Inamullah Khan, Alam Zeb,
Jawad Ali Shah, Azhar Hussain, Ilyas Akbar, Aisha Bibi, Sajjad Anwar,
Tahir Badshah, Saifullah, Amir Zaman Shah
Abstract
The present studies were designed to develop long term sustainable strategies for the control of dengue
vector in Pakistan. Mosquitoes were separated into males and females based on sexual dimorphism at the
pupal stage. Ten transparent plastic bottle having 100 male pupae each were exposed to different
radiation doses i.e. 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 Gy by Cobalt 60 irradiation source. For Culex spp highest
emergence of 90.50% was achieved with dose of 60 Gy and highest deformity of 25.25% was noted with
100 Gy. Aedes spp showed highest emergence (91.25%) and deformity (29.75%) with 60 Gy and 100 Gy,
respectively. The mating frequency was acceptable at optimum doses of 40-60 Gy radiation. The
radiation dose of 100 Gy yielded lowest adult emergence and highest deformity in the mosquito’s
species. The dose of 40-60 Gy was determined as the optimum dose for initiation male sterility required
for SIT program.
Keywords: Cobalt 60, Irradiation doses, mating compatibility, sterility, wild females
1. Introduction
In Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) the laboratory reared sterile males are mass released into
natural environment for the purpose of suppressing or eliminating the target pest by disturbing
its progeny production
[1, 2]
. SIT has been used extensively and effectively to control various
insect pest species
[3]
. In mosquito control, the Sterile Insect Technique dates back to 1960s
when sterile Aedes aegypti males were released in Florida (USA), with the intention to reduce
Aedes population
[4]
. This was followed by considerable studies on mosquito SIT
[5]
; pilot field
trial in northern Sudan to determine the feasibility of SIT to control the African malaria vector
An. Arabiensis
[6]
. Having potential for different species of mosquitoes, efforts for SIT tactics
of Aedes species are also in progress at Insect Pest Control Laboratories (IPCL), Seibersdorf,
IAEA, Vienna, Austria.
Benedict and Robinson (2003) explained the SIT use as a safe techniques comprising of mass
production, releases and subsequent mating competitiveness with wild females
[5]
. The
genetically modified mosquitoes have the potential of decreasing mosquito borne diseases
transmission by releasing and establishing in the target sites. SIT is an environment friendly
and species specific method of insect control in which large numbers of sterile insects are
released. This is a useful insect control method against a range of agricultural insect pest and
pests of public health importance
[3]
.
Michelle et al. (2006) defined the three stages of SIT, i.e. mass production, sterilization and
subsequent release of sterile insects into a target population in an area-wide integrated
approach
[7]
. The released sterile males mate with wild females which no longer produce
offspring and therefore the size of the target population is decreased. SIT has been proven to
be a safe, effective and environment friendly approach to suppress and remove pest
populations. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has a long history of supporting
SIT programs against tsetse flies, moths and fruit flies.
Alphey et al. (2010) reported SIT as an effective tool of vector control. They proposed that
SIT is more valuable in the integrated multi-approaches control strategies and SIT may be very
efficient that dramatically reduce the number of insects when the target vector density is
decreased by other methods. However, the cost and benefits of SIT should be always assessed
before planning any strategy for the control of mosquito populations, in the light of the