The Determination of Oxidized Proteins and Albumin in Plasma of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Larissa Evgenyevna Muravlyova*, Vilen Borisovich Molotov-Luchanskiy, Ryszhan Yemelyevna Bakirova, Yevgenia Aleksandrovna Kolesnikova, Assel Serikovna Nurgaliyeva, Dmitriy Anatolyevich Klyuyev and Lyudmila Andreevna Demidchik Karaganda State Medical University, Gogol Street, 40, Karaganda-city, Kazakhstan, 100008 * Corresponding author: Larissa Evgenyevna Muravlyova, Karaganda State Medical University, Gogol street, 40, Karaganda-city, Kazakhstan, 100008,Tel: + 870132252 E-mail: lem2403@mail.ru Received date: January 3, 2015, Accepted date: February 24, 2015, Published date: March 3, 2015 Copyright: © 2015 Muravlyova, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Background: The study of oxidized proteins in blood of chronic kidney disease patients has been made without taking an initial clinical form of disease into account. The purpose of the research is to study oxidized proteins and albumin in blood plasma of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis as an initial clinical form of chronic kidney disease. Methods: Blood plasma taken from 132 patients with various stages of chronic kidney disease and degree of chronic renal failure has been used for investigation. Blood of 32 healthy donors has been used for control testing. In blood plasma, modified proteins (protein reactive carbonyl products, advanced oxidative protein products), and albumin have been estimated. Results: In blood plasma of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis, as an initial clinical form of the chronic kidney disease, the significant increase in all types of oxidized proteins and significant decrease in albumin have been observed, comparing to the control samples. In blood plasma of patients with chronic pyelonephritis, as an initial clinical form of the chronic kidney disease, the significant increase in protein reactive carbonyl products has been observed comparing to the control samples only. Conclusions: the obtained results may unravel new targets for pharmacological intervention at an early stage of chronic kidney disease based on the initial clinical form of the disease. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Plasma; Protein reactive carbonyl products; Advanced oxidative protein products; Albumin Introduction From year to year chronic damage of kidney parenchyma and interstitial tissue has become a very serious problem, eventually starting to get out of control. According to the large population-based registers, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease is at least 10%, reaching 20% or more in certain categories of people (the elderly, people with diabetes or secondary renal disease, etc.) [1]. Some kidney diseases have acquired continuously progressive character with the development of chronic renal failure (CRF) and its outcome in the terminal stage. That is why, fundamental studies of the chronic renal failure formation and progression mechanisms, especially at the predialysis stage, are so crucial. Analysis of the previous results has shown that the study of oxidative stress is one of the most important directions of the development and progression of chronic kidney disease mechanism research (CKD) [2]. An increase in the protein reactive carbonyl products concentration in blood of the CKD patients associated with arterial hypertension has been noted [3]. An increase in the advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP) has been detected in blood of the CKD patients under dialysis [4]. A large proportion of total plasma antioxidant properties may be attributed to albumin. The previous results have shown the alteration of albumin concentration and imbalance of its oxidized and reduced forms in blood plasma of the CKD patients [5]. Unfortunately, the investigation of pathophysiological mechanisms CKD progression has been made without taking an initial clinical form of disease into account. We have hypothesized that generation of oxidized proteins in blood plasma of the CKD patients might depend on the initial clinical form of disease. The main purpose of the research is to study the concentration of oxidized proteins and albumin level in plasma of the CKD patients with different initial clinical forms of the disease. Materials and Methods Patients 132 patients with various stages of CKD and degree of chronic renal failure (CRF) participated in the study. There were 47 males and 85 females, age 53, 7 ± 5, 7 years. The patients have been split into 4 groups consisting of 38 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and CKD of 1-2 stages (CRF 0), 21 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and CKD of 1-2 stages (CRF 0), 44 patients with chronic pyelonephritis and 3 stage of CKD (CRF 1), 29 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis and 3 stages of CKD (CRF 1). Clinical examination of the patients has been conducted by Professor V. Molotov- Luchanskiy. 32 healthy volunteers, age- and sex-matched, formed a test control group. These volunteers were healthy, as determined by a medical history questionnaire, physical examination, and normal results of clinical laboratory tests and blood pressure. The medical ethics committee of the Medical University (Karaganda) has approved the study. All patients and volunteers have received the full information on possible inconveniences and complications at the blood sampling stage before giving their consent to participate Muravlyova, et al., Biol Med (Aligarh) 2015, 7:2 DOI: 10.4172/0974-8369.1000230 Research Article Open Access Biol Med (Aligarh) ISSN:0974-8369 BLM, an Open Access Volume 7 • Issue 2 • 1000230 Ethics B i o l o g y a n d M e d i c i n e ISSN: 0974-8369 Biology and Medicine