Journal of Nursing Measurement, Volume 10, Number 1, Spring/Summer 2002
© Springer Publishing Company 39
Stability of Self-Reported
Family History of Prostate Cancer
Among African American Men
Sally P. Weinrich
University of Louisville
Louisville, KY
Louise Faison-Smith
Julie Hudson-Priest
University of South Carolina
Columbia, SC
Charmaine Royal
National Human Genome Research Institute
Bethesda, MD
Isaac Powell
Wayne State University
Detroit, MI
The genome-wide search for the prostate cancer gene holds the promise of the availability
of prostate cancer susceptibility testing in the near future. When this occurs, self-reported
history of prostate cancer will be critical in determining who is eligible for cancer suscep-
tibility testing. Little attention has been given to the reliability of self-reported family his-
tory of prostate cancer, particularly in African American men. This correlational study
measured the stability of self-reported family history of prostate cancer over a one-year
time period (between 1997 and 1998) with 96 African American men from a southern state.
The men were asked on two separate occasions, 1 year apart, “Have any of your men blood
relatives ever had prostate cancer?” The question had a prior test-retest reliability of 0.85
over a 2-week period. Forty-eight percent of the men changed their answers on the second
administration. Men most likely to change their answers were low-income men and men
who did not participate in a free prostate cancer screening. This research highlights the
need for public genetic education and the recognition by health professionals that self-
reported family history of cancer is a variable that changes as families have increased
awareness and communication concerning family history of cancer.
Keywords: African American; cancer; prostate cancer; genetics
F
amily history of prostate cancer is an important known risk factor for incidence and
mortality of prostate cancer (Carter, Steinberg, Beaty, Childs, & Walsh, 1991). Six
prostate cancer regions have been identified through prostate cancer family linkage
studies at HPC1, 1q24-25 (Smith, Freije, Carpten, Gronberg, Xu, & Isaacs, 1996);
HPC2/ELAC2 (17p) (Rebbeck, 2000); HPCX (Xq27-28) (Xu, Meyers, Freije, Isaacs,
Wiley, & Nusskern, 1998); PCAP (1q42.2-43) (Berthon,Valeri, Cohen-Akenine, Drelon,
Paiss, & Wohr, 1998); CAPB (1p36; Gibbs et al., 2000); HPC20 (20q13; Berry et al.,