American Journal of Educational Research, 2014, Vol. 2, No. 8, 663-668
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/education/2/8/15
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/education-2-8-15
Connecting Global Learners Using eLearning and the
Community of Inquiry Model
Kimberley Garth-James
1,*
, Brina Hollis
2
1
Academic Program Director, Master Public Administration & Finance, Columbia Southern University
2
Academic Program Director, Health Care Administration, Columbia Southern University, Orange Beach, USA
*Corresponding author: garth-james@columbiasouthern.edu
Received July 01, 2014; Revised July 24, 2014; Accepted August 06, 2014
Abstract As the world grows more interdependent, global citizens, universities, and corporations must develop a
new set of tools to work together with international neighbors, friends, and leaders. Many higher education
institutions have expanded their campuses across countries, and now require newways to effectively use
technological developments for mobile, electronic, and social media learning to support the global community of
learners/inquiries. Issues related to connecting students and faculty to learning materials include energy-efficient
equipment and shrinking information technology (IT) budgets, making it difficult to produce new high-density
servers as well as quality computer-based education. The Community of Inquiry (CoI) model based on the social
constructivist theory of John Dewey (1938), and evaluated by Randy Garrison, Terry Anderson, and Walter Archer
(2000), indicates that virtual learning communities are dynamic. Essential to the CoI are cognitive, teaching and
social presence. Therefore, our research suggests that eLearning proprietary colleges/universities through course
design, instruction, and technology create a virtual global learning community experience that is not any hindrance
to students’ social, cognitive, and teaching interaction. The research findings reveal the interesting nature of adopting
and adapting to the CoI as defined by technology-based course design and faculty engagement, to the online
proprietary learning environment worldwide, and our insights may radically change educators’ mostly negative
views of distance education. The findings provide a glimpse into proprietary virtual global learning, and reveal how
it affects the process of student engagement, reflection, and exploration of concepts for application to the real world.
Keywords: social presence, community of inquiry, e-learning, global learning, constructivist theory, virtual
librarians, students
Cite This Article: Kimberley Garth-James, and Brina Hollis, “Connecting Global Learners Using eLearning
and the Community of Inquiry Model.” American Journal of Educational Research, vol. 2, no. 8 (2014): 663-668.
doi: 10.12691/education-2-8-15.
1. Introduction
1.1. ELearning in Higher Education
Recent studies on eLearning (the use of electronic
technologies in classrooms) in higher education have
focused entirely on the relationship between students and
faculty to coursework (Garrison & Archer, 2000) rather
than asking whether eLearning technologies foster a social
community and effective learning environment. Arguably,
eLearning is defined as using educational technologies
(computers), and learning management systems (e.g.,
Blackboard, Moodle websites) to connect students and
faculty in a computer-based learning experience
(Gallagher, 2003). However, the pedagogic opportunity
for delivering classroom education by the Internet (online),
on-ground (face-to-face), and blending the two, requires
more than the digital features of eLearning (Mayes & de
Fritas, 2009). In higher education, eLearning is an
essential method for providing global learners required
coursework, lectures, and classroom materials from a
distance (Oblinger & Hawkins, 2004; O’Neill &
McMahon, 2005). The Community of Inquiry (CoI)
framework examined by several authors regarding online
(or virtual learning), which focused on teaching, cognitive
and social presence, is challenging modern
college/universities and decision makers seeking solutions
to the demands of global learners that desired the virtual
rather than physical (on ground) academic experience
(Garrison & Archer, 2000; Mayes & de Fritas, 2009; US
Department of Education Study, 2010). As such, learning
models focusing on the student, the teacher, and the
curriculum, require aspects of the CoI to build the
educational environment necessary for erudition. Higher
education institutions build a collaborative environment
for learning, and devise strategies to inspire students to
continue learning beyond the classroom. In the for-profit
higher education environment, the eLearning modalities
are the bread and butter of a college/university, and
discussions to implement scholastic arrangements that are
ideal for student achievements are ongoing and without
agreement. Our findings about distance eLearning (online,
blended) models revealed insignificant differences in
traditional classroom and online environments concerning
“learning effectiveness” (Shachar & Neumann, 2010;