[ VOLUME 5 I ISSUE 3 I JULY– SEPT 2018] E ISSN 2348 –1269, PRINT ISSN 2349-5138 360 IJRAR- International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews Research Paper Optimization based Efficient Load Balancing Routing for Mobile Ad hoc Networks Amit Madhav Rawate 1 & Dr. Ulhas B. Shinde 2 1,2 Telecommunication Engineering Department, CSMSS Chh. Shahu College of Engineering, Aurangabad, India. Received: June 16, 2018 Accepted: July 31, 2018 ABSTRACT The effective load balancing for wireless communication always plays the significant role in optimizing the network performances. The congestion situations in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) may leads to the QoS performance degradations due to the communication failures, node failures etc. For MANET, the situation becomes sever due dynamic behaviour of mobile nodes. Thus the load balancing at routing layer is essential for wireless communications. In the given paper we display the novel load balancing algorithm to enhance the routing QoS performance for MANET communications using the optimization algorithm called Ant Bee Colony (ABC). The ABC algorithm exploited to select the optimum node based on the parameters such as bandwidth requirements and energy requirements to prevent the congestion conditions on mobile nodes. This approach not only helps to keep the minimum routing overhead but also improves the QoS performance for different types of MANETs. The ABC approach designed to construct the optimum the way for the information transmission from the source hub to destination hub by assessing middle hubs according to the current necessities as far as required data transfer bandwidth and required energy level. The simulation comes about shows that the proposed routing protocol improves the general QoS execution when contrasted with existing AODV and DSR routing protocols. Keywords: Load balancing, Ant bee colony, bandwidth requirements, energy level, quality of service, AODV Introduction The MANET is widely used in recent days due to number of advantages such as wireless communications without need of any physical infrastructure, fast monitoring of required services etc. There different layers included for designing of MANETs. The main communication among mobile nodes is done using the routing methods. For such routing methods, the main challenge is to deal with dynamic nature of mobile nodes and changing topology [1]. For MANET, there are number of routing protocol are designed and developed for communication purpose. This kind of routing protocols in MANET required addressing the conventional limitations such as more energy consumption, more error rate, less bandwidth efficient. There are different types for routing protocols in MANETs [2]; they are categories according to the way of working and communication patterns. Basic classification comes under tow main categories such as multipath and unipath routing methods. As name indicating for multipath routing methods, there are multiple routes utilized for sending data from source node to destination node, whereas for unipath routing methods, only one route is constructed for transmitting data from source node to destination node [3]. As mobile nodes in MANET is frequently changing their position in network, there is possibilities of node failures, radio channel having dynamic characteristics, frequent links failure and construction is going on. The current route links may unavailable which is resulted into the current route is converted into invalid route [4]. The frequent routes failure leads the frequent route searching and finding for communication which resulting the extra routing overhead, increase delay for source to destination data communication is required. This problem is addressed by multipath routing methods in which multiple concurrent paths are provided for transmitting the data from source to destination. However, using the multipath routing solutions, the problem of QoS efficiency does completely resolves as multipath communications may leads to the excessive energy consumption, more routing overhead, and congestion in network. Therefore, designing routing protocol by considering the load balancing among the network communications is crucial for MANET routing protocols [5]. Load balancing routing method is best approach to address such problems in MANET. The term load balancing in routing is nothing but the technique of distributing current workload among multiple routing links in order to achieve the efficient resource utilization, increased average throughput, minimized end to end delay, extending the network lifetime, and keeping the less overhead on mobile nodes. The methods of load balancing are having below two important features: (1 ) Asymmetric Load: Here the communication data is mutually assigned to available paths in order to achieve the more share of workload as compared to others. (2) Priority Activation: As per the priority assigned to every path in communication, the workload is divided according to those priorities. Also, the load balancing term for routing is treated as