American Journal of Applied Scientific Research 2021; 7(3): 56-76 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajasr doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210703.14 ISSN: 2471-9722 (Print); ISSN: 2471-9730 (Online) Investigation of Yarn Quality in Ring Yarn by Modifying Bottom Apron/Nose Bar with Perforations and Air-Suction Bantamlak Birlie 1, * , Sampath Rangaraj 2 1 Department of Textile Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia 2 Department of Textile Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Email address: * Corresponding author To cite this article: Bantamlak Birlie, Sampath Rangaraj. Investigation of Yarn Quality in Ring Yarn by Modifying Bottom Apron/Nose Bar with Perforations and Air-Suction. American Journal of Applied Scientific Research. Vol. 7, No. 3, 2021, pp. 56-76. doi: 10.11648/j.ajasr.20210703.14 Received: August 30, 2021; Accepted: September 14, 2021; Published: September 26, 2021 Abstract: Currently, ring spinning has limitations of poor integration of fibers that protrude from yarn surface, which causes hairiness and irregularity. The aim of this research is to improve yarn quality by modification of bottom apron/nose bar with perforation and applying air-suction in a conventional Reiter G35 ring frame and spinning 29.52 Tex (20 Ne) and 14.76 Tex (40 Ne). To produce modified yarn 17 combinations of apron hole diameter, suction pressure, and widthwise hole distance was used. The ANOVA result shows that as suction pressure increases hairiness, tenacity, and thick place (+50%/km) were improved significantly for both counts. Based on the result suction pressure, apron hole diameter, and hole distance were optimized to 23.9 mbar, 1.58 mm and 10 mm respectively for 40 Ne and 25 mbar, 1.75 mm, and 11.6 mm respectively for 20 Ne. As compared with conventional hairiness, tenacity, thin place, and thick place of 40 Ne modified yarn were improved by 16.25%, 12.7%, 17.42%, and 14.62% respectively. Whereas hairiness, tenacity, and thick place of 20 Ne modified yarn were improved by 8.87%, 7.42%, and 18.2% respectively. Thus, the modified G35 method of yarn condensing has capability to be used as an alternative method of conventional spinning as it is capable of producing better quality yarn. Keywords: Apron Hole Diameter, Condensed Yarn, Suction Air Pressure, Hole Distance, Yarn Quality 1. Introduction The textile industry is more competitive today than ever in an attempt to produce high-quality clothes at minimal production costs that meet both the aesthetic and technical needs of todays’ generation [1]. The current competitive market requires designers of the fabric to consider moisture absorption and wick ability properties depending on weather conditions and end-use applications [2]. The quality of the spun yarn is significantly improved by using quality raw material, suitable selection of spinning system, and type of spinning machine [3, 4]. The main objective of yarn spinning is to achieve the highest predictable yarn evenness with minimum imperfections, which imparts uniformity in yarn strength. Therefore, these improvements positively influence the quality of subsequent processes, like weaving and knitting [5, 6]. Different spinning is anticipated to take into consideration the characteristics of fiber machine intelligence, which assists to modify ideal combinations of fiber properties [7, 8]. The attempts to produce high-quality yarns have been concerned with great developments in the area of spinning [9]. These developments consist of examining, manufacturing, and optimizing various mechanisms and settings in spinning to modify conventional rings by introducing new elements or developing entirely new yarn production systems. Therefore, yarn quality refers to the physical characteristics of a yarn that influence fabric production, performance, and serviceability. These parameters include yarn hairiness, yarn strength, imperfection, and yarn evenness [10, 11]. The measures to produce better quality yarns are detection and reduction of raw material variation, reduction in coefficient of variation, and elimination of faults, which is a significant increase in yarn breaking force and elongations.