International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | April 2022 | Vol 10 | Issue 4 Page 862
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Sajjan SM et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2022 Apr;10(4):862-866
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Original Research Article
Gestational age assessment of neonates using foot and hand length
measurements: a cross sectional tertiary care centre study
Shruti M. Sajjan, Sushma Malik*, Vinaya M. Lichade, Poonam Wade
INTRODUCTION
Gestational age (GA) is a useful parameter for assessing
the maturity of the new born and for prediction of
mortality and morbidity. Conventionally, gestational age
of neonates is computed based on Naegele’s formula or
by ultrasonic evaluation during pregnancy or using
modified new Ballard scoring (NBS) after birth.
1
Gestational age based on Naegele’s formula has lower
accuracy in settings with low literacy and are likely to be
affected by variation in ovulation.
2
The “gold standard”
for GA assessment is ultrasound ideally in the first
trimester. Ultrasound requires radiologist, equipment and
for maximum accuracy, first-trimester antenatal clinic
attendance. Ultrasound as a tool to assess gestational age,
is a limiting factor, particularly in developing countries
like India where women undergoing the recommended
number of at least 4 antenatal visits is low and
availability of USG with an expert radiologists is limited
in remote villages/community.
3
Assessment of gestational
age of neonates using modified new Ballard score (NBS)
may not be reliable as its accuracy depends on the skill of
examiner and the condition of the neonate.
4
It cannot be
used in asphyxiated neonates and babies with depressed
neurological state. Thus, there is need to develop a
simple, inexpensive and practical method to identify
Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology Division, Topiwala National Medical College and BYL Nair Hospital
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Received: 27 January 2022
Revised: 01 March 2022
Accepted: 03 March 2022
*Correspondence:
Dr. Sushma Malik,
E-mail: sushmamalik@gmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: Gestational age of neonates computed based on Naegele’s formula, ultrasound, or using modified New
Ballard score (NBS) is limited in the community setup due to illiteracy, accessibility and expertise. Hence there
should be alternative technique which can be done even by inexperienced health care staff and in rural communities.
Objective of current study was to find out the correlation of foot and hand length with gestational age among
neonates.
Methods: A cross sectional study including 200 neonates and their foot length, hand length, birth weight was
recorded. Gestational age assessment was done using modified NBS. Correlation among various study parameters
was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.
Results: Of the 200 neonates studied, the mean foot length was 7.1±0.46 cm with a range of 4-8.5 cm. The mean
hand length was 6.0±0.71 cm with a range of 3.8-7.4 cm. The mean foot and hand length of term neonates was higher
than preterm neonates. The mean foot and hand length of normal weight neonates was higher than Low birth weight
neonates.
Conclusions: Foot and hand length is a simple, quick and reliable measurement which can be used as a proxy
measurement to gestational age assessment. It can be easily measured by traditional birth attendants in the
community.
Keywords: Gestational age, Foot length, Hand length, Birth weight
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20220977