Citation: Hobiny, A.; Abbas, I.;
Alshehri, H.; Marin, M. Analytical
Solutions of Nonlocal Thermoelastic
Interaction on Semi-Infinite Mediums
Induced by Ramp-Type Heating.
Symmetry 2022, 14, 864. https://
doi.org/10.3390/sym14050864
Academic Editor: Danny Arrigo
Received: 1 April 2022
Accepted: 12 April 2022
Published: 22 April 2022
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symmetry
S S
Article
Analytical Solutions of Nonlocal Thermoelastic Interaction on
Semi-Infinite Mediums Induced by Ramp-Type Heating
Aatef Hobiny
1
, Ibrahim Abbas
1,2,
* , Hashim Alshehri
1
and Marin Marin
3,
*
1
Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics Research Group (NAAM), Mathematics Department,
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia; ahobany@kau.edu.sa (A.H.);
hmalshehri@kau.edu.sa (H.A.)
2
Mathematics Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82511, Egypt
3
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Transilvania University of Brasov,
500093 Brasov, Romania
* Correspondence: ibrabbas7@science.sohag.edu.eg (I.A.); m.marin@unitbv.ro (M.M.)
Abstract: A novel nonlocal model with one thermal relaxation time is presented to investigate
the propagation of waves in a thermoelastic semi-infinite medium. We used Eringen’s theory of
the nonlocal continuum to develop these models. Analytical solutions in all physical quantities
are provided by using Laplace transforms and eigenvalue techniques. All physical quantities are
presented as symmetric and asymmetric tensors. The temperature, the displacement, and the stress
variations in semi-infinite materials have been calculated. The effects of nonlocal parameters, ramp
type heating, and the thermal relaxation times on the wave propagation distribution of physical fields
for mediums are graphically displayed and analyzed.
Keywords: eigenvalue approach; Laplace transforms; nonlocal thermoelastic model; thermal
relaxation time
1. Introduction
The nonlocal elastic theory was first advocated by Eringen [1]. After a period of
2 years, the theory of nonlocal thermoelasticity was explored by Eringen [2]. In continuum
mechanics, he addressed constitutive relations, governing equations, laws of equilibrium,
and displacement equations/temperature under a nonlocal elastic model. According to the
nonlocal elastic model, strain depends on the applied stress of continuous bodies at a place
x that is impacted not only by the strain point but also by the strains of the bodies in every
other region near this point x. In the uniqueness reference, Altan [3] studied the nonlocal
linear elastic theory in depth. Wang and Dhaliwal [4] explained the uniqueness of the
theory of nonlocal thermoelasticity. Eringen [5] studied nonlocal electromagnetic solids and
superconductivity under the theory of elasticity. Povstenko [6] recommended the nonlocal
elastic model to take into account the forces of actions between atoms. Nonlocal theories
of field elasticity have been explained in detail by Eringen [7] concerning continuum
mechanics. Narendar and Gopalakrishnan [8] studied the effects of nonlocal scale on the
ultrasonic wave properties of nanorods. Yu, Tian, and Liu [9] studied Eringen’s nonlocal
theory of thermoelasticity with a size-dependent model. Zenkour and Abouelregal [10]
studied the vibrations of thermal conductivity under the nonlocal thermoelastic theory due
to harmonically variable heat sources.
When motivated by the rule of Fourier heat conduction, Biot [11] established the cou-
pled thermoelasticity theory (CD theory), which became acceptable for modern engineering
applications, particularly in high-temperature cases. On the other hand, the thermoelastic
models are physically undesirable at low temperatures and cannot achieve equilibrium.
Lord and Shulman [12] (LS) added one relaxation period to the heat conduction equation
to resolve the conflict.
Symmetry 2022, 14, 864. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14050864 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry