Copyright © 2018 KWP Journals. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. International Journal of Engineering Works Kambohwell Publisher Enterprises ISSN: 2409-2770 Vol. 5, Issue 5, PP. 111-115, May 2018 www.kwpublisher.com A Review on Properties Amelioration of Wearable Antennas Abid Ahmad, Muhammad Farooq, Gulzar Ahmad, Muhammad Amir, Arbab Masood Abstract—The emergence of Body Area Networks (BAN) in recent times has increased the interest of most researchers in the field of wearable antennas. Due to its widespread popularity most of the research has been done to improve the efficiency and flexibility of the wearable antennas for in-body and on-body applications. This work is the review of the recent development in the area of wearable antennas. Further the use of different textile materials has been studied and their performance has been compared with the ordinary used substrate such as FR-4 for wearable antennas. The results show that use of textile materials have not only increased the efficiency but also they are very flexible and make the antenna suitable for in-body and on- body applications such as medical and military. The properties of antennas inside human body, on human body and finally at some distance from the human body have been studied. It has been noted that as the distance between human body and antenna reduces the properties of antenna such as efficiency, directivity and gain degrade more and more. Also the resonant frequency of antenna shifts from its original position which is a very big issue and need to be rectified. For textile materials the shift in resonant frequency is not too much and also the degradation in other properties of antenna such as efficiency, directivity and gain are insignificant. Keywords— Body Area Network (BAN), Computer Simulation Technology (CST), In-body, On-body,EBG, Textile materials. I. INTRODUCTION This Antenna is an important part of wireless communication; in fact no wireless communication is possible without an antenna [1]. We have to install antennas at both ends i.e. at transmitter side as well as at receiver side as shown in Fig. 1.Transmitter generates the signal and antenna converts this signal into electromagnetic wave and radiates this Electromagnetic wave into air as mentioned in Fig. 1. The antenna which is installed at receiver side will receive this electromagnetic wave and will feed it to the receiver. So antenna can be defined as A device which is used for transmitting and receiving radio waves [2], [3].The emergence of Body Area Networks (BAN) in recent times has increased the interest of most of the researchers in the field of wearable antennas. Due to its widespread popularity most of the research has been done to improve the efficiency and flexibility of the wearable antennas for in- body and on-body applications. Wearable Antennas are those antennas which operate near the human body, so human body will absorb some of the radiated energy and hence efficiency of antenna will reduce [4] –[7]. The wearable antennas installed on human body may communicate with each other or with an external antenna. This type of network is known as Body Area Network (BAN) [8]. The antennas used in BAN are known as wearable antennas. Fig. 2 shows different examples of wearable antennas. In-body antennas are those which are inserted inside human body and it is mostly used for medical purpose [9], whereas On-body antennas are those which are installed on the top of human body as shown in Fig. 2. The emergence of BAN shows that in near future almost everyone will be a part of this network, so wearable antenna should be carefully designed in order to achieve all the required properties of antenna even to be in the vicinity of human body or inside the human body. follow. Figure.1 Figure 2. II. LITERATURE REVIEW In [10] a monopole antenna is presented which is basically printed on substrate called Neoprene as shown in fig: 3. this antenna is a dual band antenna covering two bands at the same time. The S-Parameter is obtained both in free spaces as well as