International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition, 2018, 7, 115-121 115
E-ISSN: 1929-4247/18 © 2018 Lifescience Global
Prevalence of Eating Disorders among Female College Students of
Northern Broader University, Arar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Waseem Fatima
1,*
, Rizwan Fatima
2
and Nida Suhail Anwar
3
1
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Northern Border University, Arar KSA
2
Department of Education, Jamia Millia Islamia New Delhi, India
3
Department of Medical Lab Technology, Northern Border University, Arar KSA
Abstract: Objective: The study aimed at examining the prevalence and correlates of eating disorder among female
college students of Northern Broader University, Arar city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted among female college students. The total sample size was 160
(66.66% of total population of college) and stratified random sampling technique was used to select female students age
ranged between 18 and 23 years from faculty of medical and faculty of applied medical science. Subjects were ask to fill
pre tested questionnaire about socioeconomic status, age at menarche, body image and Eating attitude test 26 (EAT
26), there height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated.
Results: Out of 160 female college students only 120 (75%) returned completely filled questionnaires and they were
considered for statistical analysis. It was found that, 32 (26.66%) of study population scored 20 or above, which is the
cutoff point of EAT-26, indicating negative eating attitudes. There was significant difference found in prevalence of
disordered eating attitudes in different BMI ranges. However, the association between student’s age at menarche and
abnormal eating attitude was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: The findings support our hypothesis of a relatively high rate of abnormal eating attitudes (as reflected by
high EAT-26 score) in this population. The results have important implication for increasing awareness about an
emerging clinical problem. The prevalence of eating disorder is the most useful measure for planning health care
facilities, as it indicates the demand for care.
Keywords: Eating disorders, EAT -26, BMI, age at menarche, Female students.
INTRODUCTION
Eating disorders (ED) are one of the most common
psychiatric problems, have the highest mortality rates
of all mental disorders, and rank tenth among leading
cause of disability among young females [1, 2]. These
disorders characterized by chronicity and relapse along
with disordered eating behavior where the patient’s
attitude towards weight and shape, as well as their
perception of body shape, are disturbed [2]. Anorexia
and Bulimia nervosa are the extreme sides of a broad
range of disordered eating, which includes frequent
dieting, binge eating and partial syndromes [3].
Although eating disorders were originally believed to
occur mainly in affluent Western countries [4].
However, epidemiological data indicate eating
disorders increasing dramatically worldwide in past two
decades and occur across all ethnic, cultural, and
socioeconomic groups [5] and the most vulnerable
group for anorexia nervosa comprised girls and young
women aged 15 to 24 years [6, 7]. Females students
are more concern about their body weight and shape
*Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Clinical Nutrition,
Northern Border University, Arar KSA; E-mail: fatimawaseem1512@gmail.com,
waseem.fatime@nbu.edu.sa
than males, and it may lead to disturbed eating and
unhealthy weight control behavior such as starvation,
fasting, frequently skipping meals, overeating and
binge-eating followed by purging, also using of diet
pills, laxatives, and diuretics and excessive exercising
[8, 9]. Furthermore, eating pathology increases the risk
for onset of obesity, substance abuse, deficiency
diseases, anxiety disorder, cardiovascular symptoms,
chronic fatigue and pain, depressive disorder,
infectious diseases, insomnia, neurological symptoms,
and suicidal attempts in their early adulthood [9].
Social and cultural variables, economic status,
westernized weight loosing programs of the media and
peer pressure also influence their eating behavior and
give rise to many eating disorders among female
students [10]. Many Arab countries, however, have
recently undergone rapid social and economic
changes, leading to a wide spread adoption of Western
styles, habits and attitudes, mainly in young generation
[11-14]. There is high prevalence of overweight and
obesity in Arab population females [15] which, coupled
with rapid socio-cultural changes puts them at risk for
eating disorders [11, 16]. Recently, high prevalence of
abnormal Eating attitude and behaviors is confirmed by
nonclinical studies (scored >20, Eating Attitude Test
(EAT 26) cutoff score for clinical significance) in several