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International Journal of Physiology, Nutrition and Physical Education 2017; 2(2): 266-268
ISSN: 2456-0057
IJPNPE 2017; 2(2): 266-268
© 2017 IJPNPE
www.journalofsports.com
Received: 21-05-2017
Accepted: 22-06-2017
Sevy Astriyana
Post Graduate School,
Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
Muchsin Doewes
Post Graduate School,
Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
Sapta Kunta Purnama
Post Graduate School,
Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
Correspondence
Muchsin Doewes
Post Graduate School,
Universitas Sebelas Maret,
Surakarta, Indonesia
The difference effect between ice massage and
myofascial trigger point dry needling to reduce lactic
acid in delay onset muscle soreness (Doms)
Sevy Astriyana, Muchsin Doewes and Sapta Kunta Purnama
Abstract
Delay onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is associated with excessive muscle work due to the eccentric
muscle contraction, that cause the accumulation metabolic residue called lactic acid. This study aimed to
know the difference effect among ice massage and dry needling to reduce the levels of lactic acid. This
research is an experimental study with pretest-posttest design. Twenty subjects that consist of physical
therapystudents were divided into two experiment groups. All respondents were given an interval training
in first session to trigger accumulation of lactic acid. The data of lactic acid levels was taken on the
second day of the experiment while the DOMS appeared. The respondent lactic acid were checked before
and after, they were given the treatment based on the experiment groups. The technique of analysis data
used independen t-test. There is difference effect between ice massage and myofascial trigger point dry
needling to reduce lactic acid in delay onset muscle sorenees. myofascial trigger point dry needling
interfere mechanical, neurophysiologic and chemical in soft tissue. It also has gate control theory
mechanism that inhibit pain related to delay onset muscle soreness. Myofascial trigger point dry needling
has different effect to reduce lactic acid than ice massage was proved by p 0,046< 0,05.
Keywords: ice massage, dry needling, lactic acid, DOMS
Introduction
Delay Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) is associated with excessive muscle activity due to
eccentric muscle contraction, which causes the accumulation of metabolic residues called
lactic acid. DOMS is characterized by the appearance of pain that often leads to a decrease in
desire for exercise. Exercise that usually has the potential to cause tissue damage or DOMS is
an eccentric exercise such as downhill running. Eccentric exercise will stimulate the synthesis
of prostaglandins and leukocytes. Prostaglandins stimulate pain by affecting type II and III
receptors through chemical stimulation. Leukocytes increase permeability of blood vessels and
attack neutrophils so damage occurs. There a respiratory burst where neutrophils produce free
radicals that harm cell membrane. Swollen is caused by the accumulation of fluid which flow
from blood vessel into the interstitial spacewhileswelling distribute the pain sensation through
certain area. The damage in delay muscle soreness has sporadic charactheristic that can spread
surrounding tissues. The symptoms occur within 24-48 hours after exercise and disappear in
98 hours
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High intensity exercise for 30-120 seconds, get the level of lactic acid up to 15-25 Mm that
measured after 3-8 minutes exercise. Enormous of increasing lactic acid levels lead to
ischemic and hypoxia. Lactic acid arises from ATP-PC process which belong to anaerobic
metabolism. In anaerobic physical exercise, oxygen insufficiency in mitochondria of muscle
fibers occurs, due to the rate of energy demand exceeds oxygen supply to the mitochondria
which deliver by the oxygen transport system. This cause mitochondria get oxygen
insufficiency in anaerobic glycolysis process that produces lactic acid from pyruvic acid in the
cytoplasm of muscle cells. If anaerobic glycolysis occurs continuously there is accumulation
of lactic acid in the blood. In this study the exercise used to trigger lactic acid encapsulation is
the interval training. Interval training is an exercise that uses a period of change between work
period and rest period of exercise with 2: 1 ratio. Interval training uses a high-intensity work
phase and fast of rest phase allow anaerobic metabolism. After given interval training, subjects