CLINICAL RESEARCH INTERVENTIONS FOR VALVULAR DISEASE AND HEART FAILURE EuroIntervention 2017;12: 1715-1723 DOI: 10.4244/EIJ-D-16-00443 1715 © Europa Digital & Publishing 2017. All rights reserved. *Corresponding author: Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Lazarettstr. 36, D-80636 Munich, Germany. E-mail: hager@dhm.mhn.de Five-year results from a prospective multicentre study of percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation demonstrate sustained removal of significant pulmonary regurgitation, improved right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and improved quality of life Alfred Hager 1 *, MD; Stephan Schubert 2 , MD; Peter Ewert 1,2 , MD; Lars Søndergaard 3 , MD; Maarten Witsenburg 4 , MD, PhD; Paolo Guccione 5 , MD; Lee N. Benson 6 , MD; José Suárez de Lezo 7 , MD; Te-Hsin Lung 8 , PhD; John Hess 1 , MD; Andreas Eicken 1 , MD; Felix Berger 2 , MD 1. Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Disease, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; 2. Department of Pediatric Cardiology – Congenital Heart Defects, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Germany; 3. Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; 4. Department of Cardiology/ Congenital Heart Disease, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; 5. Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Ospedale Bambino Gesú, Rome, Italy; 6. Department of Paediatrics, Cardiac Diagnostic and Interventional Unit, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 7. Department of Cardiology, Hospital Reina Sofía, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; 8. Department of Coronary & Structural Heart Clinical Affairs, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA A. Hager and S. Schubert contributed equally as primary authors. A. Eicken and F. Berger contributed equally as senior authors. This paper also includes supplementary data published online at: http://www.pcronline.com/eurointervention/111th_issue/281 Abstract Aims: Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) is used to treat patients with dysfunctional pul- monary valve conduits. Short- and longer-term results from multiple trials have outlined haemodynamic improvements. Our aim was to report the long-term results, including quality of life, from a multicentre trial in Europe and Canada. Methods and results: From October 2007 to April 2009, 71 patients (24 female; median age 19.0 [IQR: 14.0 to 25.0] years) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study. PPVI was performed successfully in 63 patients. At five-year follow-up four patients had died. Moderate and severe pulmonary regurgita- tion were completely resolved in all except one patient, who needed re-PPVI. Outflow tract obstruction improved significantly from a mean pressure gradient of 37.7±12.1 mmHg before PPVI to 17.3±9.7 mmHg at five-year follow-up; however, 11 patients needed treatment for restenosis. The EQ-5D quality of life utility index and visual analogue scale scores were both significantly improved six months post PPVI and remained so at five years. Conclusions: Five-year results following PPVI demonstrate resolved moderate or severe pulmonary regur- gitation, improved right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and improved quality of life. KEYWORDS • clinical research • pulmonary stenosis • quality of life SUBMITTED ON 31/05/2016 - REVISION RECEIVED ON N/A - ACCEPTED ON 09/06/2016