Advances in Computer Science and Information Technology (ACSIT)
p-ISSN: 2393-9907; e-ISSN: 2393-9915; Volume 3, Issue 2; January-March, 2016, pp. 128-131
© Krishi Sanskriti Publications
http://www.krishisanskriti.org/Publication.html
Selection of Hysteresis Margin for Optimum
Handover Triggering in Next Generation
Cellular Systems
Sudesh Pahal
1
, Vineet Gulia
2
, Nishank Chauhan
3
and Ashish Goel
4
1
Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, New Delhi,
E-mail:
1
pahal.sudesh@gmail.com,
2
vineetgulia10@gmail.com,
3
nishankchauhan007@gmail.com,
4
goelashish008@gmail.com
Abstract—Handover, a process of transferring connection of a
mobile unit from an access point to another access point, is a
challenging aspect in next generation cellular systems. The major
difficulties experienced during handover between various
technologies include high handover delay, large number of
handovers and poor quality of service experienced by mobile users.
This paper attempts to find an appropriate handover point in order to
deal with handover related problems and to provide a promising
quality to mobile users. The handover decision is taken on the basis
of received signal strength and hysteresis margin. The variation of
the received signal strength of current access point and the target
access point with distance is followed to choose a suitable point for
triggering handover. It is observed from the results obtained through
Matlab simulation that the handover trigger point gets affected by
variation in the hysteresis margin. In addition, the velocity of mobile
users also has great impact on handover parameters such as
handover trigger point, hysteresis delay and total handover delay.
INDEX TERM: Handover, Received signal strength, hysteresis
margin, hysteresis delay, handover trigger point
1. INTRODUCTION
A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a protocol that uses
high frequency radio waves to connect with two or more
devices at the same time to share some data. An access point is
involved in a WLAN in order to connect it to internet. While
using the WLAN users can move
in the coverage area to get the benefits of it. 2.4 GHz and 5
GHz are the commonly used frequency in the wireless local
area network. In Wi-Fi unlicensed spectrum is used mainly
referred as ISM bands. It enables users to use the radio
spectrum without any restriction.
Handoff management is a process of maintaining a connection
when the mobile unit moves across the two access point. It
involves three stages in first stage the mobile unit gets out of
reach from one access point and enters in the second access
point then in the second stage it connect with the second
access point but during that time there will be a handover
delay which is affected by various factors like velocity of the
mobile unit etc. and in the final stage the connection is set up
with the second access point [1].
Handover delay occurs because of the time taken by Received
signal strength algorithm.MAC layer and higher layers are
mainly focused when handover delay is analyzed .Hysteresis
margin is used to provide a buffer for the initiation of the
handover process. It is the difference between the signal
strength from the target access point and the current access.
Whenever the difference between the target and current access
point becomes more than hysteresis margin, handover is
triggered. For different values of hysteresis margin different
handoff performance will be obtained. An optimum value of
hysteresis margin is to be selected in order to have minimum
delay [2].
Hysteresis delay is the time difference between the moment at
which handover is triggered at a particular value of hysteresis
margin and the triggering point when hysteresis margin is 0
[7]. For a particular hysteresis margin the hysteresis delay is
different for different velocities. Handover delay is the
summation of hysteresis delay and the time taken in the
processing of handover procedures.
This research paper consists of five sections:
In section II, the related work regarding this research paper is
explained.
In section III, the proposed work which include the system
model and the analytical methods is discussed.
In section IV, the simulations results are shown. In section V,
the conclusion of the research paper is explained.
2. RELATED WORK
Few authors have elaborated the impact of hysteresis margin
used in handoff that if the value of hysteresis margin is too
high then the handoff delay may result in terminated