©JIPBS, All rights reserved
Journal of Innovations in Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences (JIPBS)
ISSN: 2349-2759
Available online at www.jipbs.com
Key words: Mucilage, Excipient,
Pharmaceutical applications, Cyto-
protective, Antiulcer.
*Corresponding Author: Moumita
Chowdhury
,
Guru Nanak Institute of
Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
157/F Nilgunj Road, Sodepur, Panihati,
Kolkata- 700114, West Bengal.
Abstract
Now a days, a large number of pharmaceutical excipients are obtained from natural sources.
Mucilages and their derivatives are a group of polymers extensively used in pharmaceutical
dosage forms. On one hand, it acts as pharmaceutical adjuvants and on the other hand,
mucilages of different sources act as cytoprotective agents. It has been reported that mucilage
helps in the treatment of gastric ulcer. It may act by forming a protective layer with increase in
mucous secretion from the superficial epithelial cells against the ulcer inducer and thus the
necrotizing agent is prevented from penetrating into the gastric mucosa. The present review
discusses the expansive sources of mucilage, its versatile excipient property as tablet binders,
disintegrating, emulsifying, suspending, gelling, stabilizing, thickening and film forming agents
along with the cytoprotective nature of mucilage obtained from certain plants which adds an
antiulcer property to its uses.
Introduction
Drugs are converted into a suitable dosage form by using
different type of excipients. Traditionally, excipients were
used as inert vehicle and diluent in formulating a dosage
form but in modern pharmaceutical dosage forms they often
play different multi-functional roles. Pharmaceutical aid in
drug formulations help to modify the drug release, improve
stability of dosage form and bioavailability of the active
pharmaceutical ingredient, enhance patient acceptability and
ensure ease of manufacture. To meet the needs of advanced
drug delivery system continuously new improved and
modified excipients are developed[1, 2]. As natural
materials are cost effective, nontoxic, stable, easily available
with less regulatory issues, eco-friendly, capable of multiple
chemical modifications, degradable and compatible due to
their natural origin, so they have been gaining lot of
importance in the field of drug delivery [3]. The synthetic
excipients are continuously being replaced with natural ones
as recent trend toward the use of the vegetable and nontoxic
products has increased. Today, a large number of naturally
obtained pharmaceutical excipients are available. Like other
natural products application of mucilage is increasing in
industry so it has become necessary to explore the newer
source of plant mucilage for industrial demand.
Mucilages are polysaccharide hydrocolloids with sugar
molecules linked with uronic acids. They are translucent
amorphous substances and polymers of a monosaccharide or
mixed monosaccharides combined with uronic acids. On
hydrolysis they yield mixture of sugars and uronic acids.
Since, they contain hydrophilic molecules so they combine
with water to form viscous solution or gel. Mucilages are
complexes polysaccharides which consist of arabinose,
galactose, rhamnose and galacturonic acid and in solution
form large molecular aggregates.
Mucilage present in plants help to store water and food and
also play a role in seed germination and thickening
membranes. The term mucilage in plants means “those
substances which are soluble, or at least swell very
perceptibly in water and which , upon addition of alcohol,
are precipitated in a more or less amorphous or granular
mass” [4]. They are similar to gums except that mucilages
are generally normal products of metabolism, formed within
the cell (intracellular formation) and/or are produced without
injury to the plant. Mucilages of different sources and their
derivatives represent a group of polymers widely used in
pharmaceutical dosage forms. On one hand, it acts as
pharmaceutical adjuvants and on the other hand, mucilages
of different sources act as cytoprotective agents. It has been
reported that mucilage helps in the treatment of gastric ulcer.
It may act by forming a protective layer with increase in
mucous secretion from the superficial epithelial cells against
the ulcer inducer and thus prevent the penetration of
necrotizing agent into the gastric mucosa [5].
This review gives an insight of mucilage, as a potent
candidate to be used in various pharmaceutical formulations.
It discusses the expansive sources of mucilage, its versatile
excipient property as tablet binders, disintegrants,
emulsifiers, suspending agents, gelling agents, stabilizing
agents, thickening agents, film forming agents and the
cytoprotective action of mucilage of certain plants which
gives it an antiulcer property.
Review article
Role of mucilage as pharmaceutical additives and cytoprotective agent
Moumita Chowdhury
*
, Abhijit Sengupta, Lopamudra Datta, Sumana Chatterjee
Guru Nanak Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 157/F Nilgunj Road, Sodepur, Panihati, Kolkata- 700114.