Medico-legal Update, July-September 2020, Vol.20, No. 3 1047 Histological and Enzyme Histochemical Changes of Liver Induced By the Action of Maxxthor Insecticide in Male Albino Rats Entesar A. Essa 1 , Sahar A.H. AL-Sharqi 2 , Jabbar H. Yenzeel 3 , Layla J. Mohammed 2 1 Post graduate, 2 Assist Prof, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad / Iraq, 3 Prof, Assist Prof, 3 Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Baghdad, Baghdad /Iraq Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the histological, enzyme histochemical changes and liver function effects of Maxxthor insecticide on albino rats in liver. The experiment included 20 rat which were divided into four groups, the frst group 5 rats were considered the control animals and the others were divided equally into three groups with a dose of 0.01, 0.1and 1 mg / kg of body weight, respectively for a period 40 days. The animals given each 48 hours via oral route Maxxthor by tube dosage after dissolved with distilled water. Microscopic examination of liver showed infammatory cell aggregation around vessels, congestion and dilation of sinusoids hepatocytes hypertrophy with severs infammatory cells infltration, kupffer cells proliferation and hydropic degeneration. Enzyme histochemical study of liver showed weak expression of ALP activity in hepatocyte in low dose, sever expression in middle dose, and mild expression in high dose. There was signifcantly increase in serum aminotransferases (ALT, AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level in treated group of rats as compared with control group. Key words: Maxxthor, Histopathology, Enzyme histochemical,liver function Introduction Pesticide is any substance or mixture of substance intended to preventing, destroying or controlling any pest, including vectors of human disease or animal species, unwanted plants or animals that cause damage (1) . Pesticides spread within the ecosystem elements due to its extensive and random application, and its resist to physical and chemical breakdown and metabolic degradation (2) . Pesticides residues accumulation in the environment components over time lead emergence of several ecological and health setbacks (3) . Pyrthroid the important new class of synthetic insecticides of the past three decades are rapidly replacing other insecticides due to low mammalian toxicity and an unusually fast biodegradation (4) . Pyrethroid act by enhancing sodium channel activity by shifting activation to more Corresponding author: Sahar A.H. AL-Sharqi saharalsharqi17@gmail.com negative membrane potentials as well as slowing channel activation (5) . Maxxthor is pesticides belong to pyrethroid insecticides type Ι. The active ingredient in Maxxthor product is bifenthrin , a second generation of synthetic pyrethroid (6) . Maxxthor use against termites and labeled for the long term control of wide range of pests including insect pests, vectors, spiders, ticks, and turf insects (7) . The neurotoxicity of Maxxthor depend on the affnity to the voltage sodium channels in insects and mammals, where Maxxthor bind to the sodium channel transiently and stop the closing of the channel permanently, leading to permanently depolarize of the membrane, no further action potential can be generated because the resting potential will not be restored (8) . pyrthroid induce oxidative stress as mechanism of their toxic action in the body leading to generation of free radicals and infuence the activity of antioxidant enzymes in tissues (9) . Our goal was to studied the histological changes, ALP activity expression and alternation in liver enzyme induced by the action of Maxxthor .