Pak. J. Phytopathol., Vol. 33 (02) 2021. 357-361 DOI: 10.33866/phytopathol.033.02.0711
357
Official publication of Pakistan Phytopathological Society
Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology
ISSN: 1019-763X (Print), 2305-0284 (Online)
http://www.pakps.com
EVALUATION OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR CHARCOAL
ROT (MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA) RESISTANCE
Maria Ghias*, Salsabeel Rauf, Rizwana Qamar, Ahsan M. U. Din, Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Aftab
Directorate of Oilseeds, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
A B S T R A C T
Charcoal Rot (CR) caused by Macrophomina Phaseolina has adverse effect on sesame crop in Pakistan. Use of host
plant resistance is the cheapest and effective disease management strategy. In this research 52 local sesame
genotypes were used to evaluate resistance against Charcoal rot disease in two consecutive summer seasons i.e. 2017
and 2018, in a sick field under natural conditions. The results showed that there was notable difference in disease
infection percentage (DI%) of the varieties tested in two years. Furthermore, the results indicated that DI% for
genotypes tested in 2017 ranged from 06.97% to 50.82%, whereas, DI% for genotypes tested in 2018 remained
between 4.91% and 52.63%. In both seasons only 3 sesame lines L-7, ML-6-8/12 and L-100 were classified as a
resistant (R) and they exhibited lower means of DI% 8.21 %, 7.84 %, 6.97% andDI% 8.19, 6.15, 4.91 during 2017 and
2018 respectively. On the other hand, 12 lines name Black Til, TH-6, No-7/12, ML-6-8-12, Cluster, 70004, L-41, 20011,
50022, L-24, No-6/12, and TS-3were classified as a moderately resistant (MR).Twenty three lines were grouped into
moderately susceptible (MS)class and the susceptible (S) group contains 8 genotypes 95006-2, 97005, 97001, 97002,
92001-52-9, 96008, 16003 and Shan in both seasons but three lines such as 93003, 93005-3-4, and No-56 were
moderately resistant MR in first season and moderately susceptible in second season. Similarly the genotypes 9600-
4-1 and Agara were moderately susceptible (MS) in first season and susceptible (S) in second season. Line N-10 was
highly susceptible to CR with maximum DI% 50.8 and 52.63 in both seasons.
Keywords: Sesame, Charcoal Rot, Resistance, Genotypes, Evaluation.
INTRODUCTION
Seasame (Sesamum indicum L.) is considered “queen of
oilseeds” as its oil has high nutritional and therapeutic
value (Biswas et al., 2018). Sesame oil is very stable
having a sweet flavor. Its meal is rich in protein makes it
suitable for domestic and confectionary purpose. Due to
its property of having potent antioxidant and high
nutritive value sesame seed is regarded as “Seed of
immortality”(Hansen, 2011).Sesame is innately a low-
yield plant and its yield is further reduced by presence of
different biotic and abiotic stresses. Sesame plants are
severely affected by numerous pathogens that cause loss
of about 7 million tons of yield per annum (Ara et al.,
2017). Charcoal Rot is the most important disease of
sesame, caused by Macrophmina Phaseolina (Tassi) Goid
.This is a soil borne fungus which can result into a
severe yield loss of 5-100% (Meena et al., 2018.
According to a recent survey, total loss caused due to
infection by M. Phaseolina amounts to 57% of total
yield (Bashir et al., 2017). First, it causes infection in
roots and lower stem of seedling and damps them.
However, at a more advanced stage it can also cause
infection in developed plants until the stage of
maturity. It develops Charcoal Rot symptoms on
major part or the whole plant during hot and dry
conditions in particular and thus reduce the plant
growth and productivity (Shabana et al., 2014). The
fungus reportedly survives as sclerotia formed in crop
residues and soil. Moreover, it has also appeared as
seed-borne pathogen and such characteristics make it
hard to control it (Bedawy and Moharm, 2019).
However, certain agricultural practices such as soil
Submitted: October 01, 2021
Revised: November 17, 2021
Accepted for Publication: December 10, 2021
* Corresponding Author:
Email: mariaghias@gmail.com
© 2017 Pak. J. Phytopathol. All rights reserved.