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Original Article
INTRODUCTION
Early language development in a child largely depends on the stimulation provided by
the environment through interaction. Child’s immediate environment is enriched with
the interaction by the primary caregiver who is often the parents or grandparents. The
stimulation from parents is an important variable in the development of a child’s lan-
guage. This parental input acts as a foundation stone for further language development
especially for children with disabilities. The parent-child interaction can be interac-
tional and directed with a specific purpose through gestures, vocalization or verbaliza-
tion [1]. A healthy caregiver-child contact is facilitated by the desire between commu-
Purpose: Current study is designed to analyze the quantity and quality of parental language
during parent-child interaction in the natural environment in both typically developing and in
children with autism spectrum disorder.
Methods: A total of 10 primary caregivers mainly parents in which 5 participants were par-
ents of children with autism spectrum disorder and 5 participants were parents of typically
developing children. A 10-15 minutes video recording of parent-child interaction was ana-
lyzed and drawn into conclusion about the quantity and quality of language used in terms of
grammatical language measures, discourse function and pragmatic function.
Results: Parents of children with ASD and parents of TD children who were developing nor-
mally produced similar amounts of linguistic input, but they differed on certain quality pa-
rameters. Parents of TD children use more Mean Length of Utterance. Significant differ-
ences were found between the two groups in terms of Discourse function and pragmatic
functions. The parents of children with ASD used a comparatively lower number of nouns,
verbs, conjunctions and case markers. In Discourse function analysis, significant differences
were found in parental responses, number of conversational turns and number of parental
responses to child’s initiations. While considering pragmatic/behavioral functions, significant
differences were only in questions and expansions.
Conclusions: The current study emphasizes the importance of parental language during
parent-child interactions, as well as the need to profile the same which would provide pre-
cise information on the level of stimulation delivered.
Keywords: Autism, Parents, Language stimulation, Parent child interaction
© 2022 The Korean Association of Speech-
Language Pathologists
This is an Open Access article distributed under the
terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/
licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-
commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any
medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: March 17, 2022
Revision: April 28, 2022
Accepted: April 28, 2022
Correspondence:
P Veena Mohan
Department of Neurodevelopmental
Sciences, National Institute of Speech
and Hearing, NISH Road, Akkulam,
Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Tel: +91-471-2596919, 259
E-mail: veenam@nish.ac.in
Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders / Vol. 7, No. 1:29-42 / April 2022
http://e-cacd.org/ eISSN: 2508-5948
A comparative study on parental language used by
parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
and typically developing children
P Veena Mohan
1
, H Marjana Mahasoomi
2
, Divya Anna Davis
2
1
Department of Neurodevelopmental Sciences, National Institute of Speech and Hearing, NISH Road, Akkulam, Trivandrum, Kerala;
2
National
Institute of Speech and Hearing, NISH Road, Akkulam, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
Open Access
https://doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2022.00710