Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 2022, 12, 99-110
https://www.scirp.org/journal/ojapps
ISSN Online: 2165-3925
ISSN Print: 2165-3917
DOI: 10.4236/ojapps.2022.121008 Jan. 24, 2022 99 Open Journal of Applied Sciences
The Hydration Kinetics of Selected Ghanaian
Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids
Isaac Godfred Antwi
*
, Ahmad Addo, Ato Bart-Plange
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,
Ghana
Abstract
Water absorption characteristics of maize (Abotem, Abeleehi, and Dorke SR)
hybrids grown in Ghana were investigated using models obtained from Fick’s
law of diffusion. The maize kernels were soaked in water at four different
temperatures of 30˚C, 40˚C, 50˚C and 60˚C to evaluate their water absorption
behaviours. The results indicated that temperature and variety were the major
factors controlling water absorption patterns. The diffusion coefficients of the
hybrids were found to differ in the order of Dorke SR > Abeleehi > Abotem
and increased as the soaking temperature increased. The calculated water
diffusivities varied from (2.54 - 3.49) × 10
-10
m
2
/s for Abotem, (2.64 - 3.59) ×
10
-10
m
2
/s for Abeleehi, (3.21 - 4.20) × 10
-10
/s for Dorke SR. The Arrhenius-
type equation was able to describe the strong effect of temperature on the
diffusion coefficient of the hybrids. The activation energy values obtained
were7.50 kJ/mol for Abeleehi, 6.27 kJ/mol for Dorke SR and 9.09 kJ/mol for
Abotem. Results indicated that temperature and variety were the major fac-
tors controlling water absorption patterns.
Keywords
Maize, Water Absorption, Diffusion Coefficient, Activation Energy
1. Introduction
Maize is an essential member of the cereal family and important food crop pro-
duced worldwide including savannas of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Maize is a
major source of protein and energy and can be used as a substitute for major
food staples. Many people believe that maize could become the future food for
Africans. In SSA, maize contributes 40% to cereal production, where more than
80% is used as food [1]. At least 30% of the calorie intake in SSA is supplied by
maize [2]. In Ghana, more than 1 million (20%) of estimated 5 million small
How to cite this paper: Antwi, I.G., Addo,
A. and Bart-Plange, A. (2022) The Hydra-
tion Kinetics of Selected Ghanaian Maize
(Zea mays L.) Hybrids. Open Journal of
Applied Sciences, 12, 99-110.
https://doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2022.121008
Received: December 26, 2021
Accepted: January 21, 2022
Published: January 24, 2022
Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and
Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
This work is licensed under the Creative
Commons Attribution-NonCommercial
International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Open Access