IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN : 2278-1684, p-ISSN : 2320–334X PP 104-109 www.iosrjournals.org Innovation in engineering science and technology (NCIEST-2015) 104 | Page JSPM’S Rajarshi Shahu College Of Engineering,Pune-33,Maharashtra ,India Study of the Compressive Strength of Concrete with Various Proportions of Steel Mill Scale as Fine Aggregate Akhinesh K 1 , Jithu G Francis 1 , Junaid K T 1 , Jishnulal K 1 , Jeril Netto Joseph 1 , Remya Neelancherry 1 1 Depertment of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala-673601 Abstract:-Industries are the major sources of wastes. Disposal of these wastes is found to be one of the serious issues. Most of this waste causes severe health, environmental and dumping issues. Continuous efforts have been made for the effective use these wastes in various purposes. Mill scale is a waste by product of steel industry, which is produced at the rate of 35–40 kg per ton of produced steel. In the present study, attempts were made to use the mill scale as a replacement of sand in cement concrete. The studies show that the compressive strength of concrete has increased by the replacement of sand with mill scale. The concrete with 15% replacement of sand with mill scale shows an optimum strength of 28.11N/mm 2 Keywords - concrete, compressive strength, fine aggregate, steel mill scale, waste management I. Introduction The solid waste generation is one of the serious issues that cause many adverse effects in the environment. These wastes can be of industrial wastes, urban wastes, agricultural wastes, chemical wastes and biological wastes. There is a clear need for an efficient approach for waste management with prime aim on the waste minimization. On the other hand, emphasis should also be given on the waste segregation, recycling and processing in an energy efficient way so that the waste load reaching the landfill can be brought down to the minimum possible amount. Industries contribute a major portion of the solid waste generation. Despite significant efforts carried out by these industrial sectors to minimize their environmental impacts worldwide, the demand for new technologies to reduce gaseous emissions. A considerable amount of solid waste in terms of variety, toxicity and volume is produced by the steel manufacturing industry [1]. The Indian steel industry has shown a phenomenon growth in the last few decades. Steel is one of the most basic materials required for industrialisation and plays a vital role in the country's economic development. On the other hand, development of steel industry has brought with it the environmental degradation due to the waste generation. The raw material for steel production include iron ore, sinter and/or pellets; mineral coal or charcoal; and fluxing agents. By using these raw materials, the steel production is carried out in two ways, i.e., integrated or semi-integrate routes. In the integrated route, the reduction of the raw material is carried out in the blast furnace to generate pig iron, which is then refined to produce steel. On the other hand, while in the semi-integrated route, steel is directly produced in electric arc furnaces [2]. Environmental pollutants are generated in various stages of steel manufacturing process such as mining of ores, preparation of raw materials, agglomeration of fines in sinter plant, feeding of burden to blast furnace, manufacturing of coke in coke ovens, conversion of pig iron to steel, making and shaping of steel goods, granulation of slag for its use in cement plant etc. The solid waste generated during these processes includes slags, sludge, dusts, mill scale etc. Mill scale is formed on the outer surfaces of plates, sheets or profiles when they are being produced by rolling red or hot iron steel billets in rolling mills. This may be due to the oxidation of steel surfaces when they are subjected to thermal gradients in the presence of corrosive environments or due to the natural exposure to air. The mill scale is composed of iron oxides, such as wustite (FeO), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), and hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), in addition to traces of non-ferrous metals, compounds of alkali metals, and oils from the rolling process. The specific production of mill scale is approximately 35–40 kg per ton of produced steel [3]. Moreover, the total iron content of mill scale is between 65% and 70% [3, 4]. About 90 % of this mill scale is recycled within the steel manufacturing industries through the sintering plant [5]. The non-recycled portion of mill scale is used in cement manufacturing or in petro-chemical industries [6]. Although there are several studies on the use of mill scale in cement manufacturing, the option of mill scale in concrete as fine aggregate is seldom explored.