Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04696-z
RESEARCH ARTICLE-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Experimental Analysis of Synergetic Efect of Part‑Cooled Exhaust Gas
Recirculation on Magnetic Field‑Assisted Combustion of Liquefed
Petroleum Gas
Libin Panavelil Oommen
1
· Kumar Gottekere Narayanappa
1
· Shivaprasad Kumar Vijayalakshmi
2
Received: 30 January 2020 / Accepted: 8 June 2020
© King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract
Magnetic feld-assisted combustion has been under the focus of research for the last three decades around the globe. The
efects of strong uniform and gradient magnetic felds on fame development, behaviour and propagation have been studied,
and their applications have been experimented on Internal Combustion Engines. The present work investigates the synergetic
efect of part-cooled EGR on the magnetic feld-assisted combustion of liquefed petroleum gas in a multicylinder MPFI
spark-ignited engine modifed for neat LPG operation. Sintered neo-delta magnets with radial magnetization pattern of four
diferent magnetic intensities (0G, 3200G, 4800G and 6400G) are fastened to the fuel line near to the gas injector with a
non-magnetic stainless steel integument to prevent any loss of magnetic intensities during the operation. A portion of the
exhaust gas is channelled to an intercooler and an optimum percentage of the partially cooled gases are inducted into the
inlet manifold for combustion. The experimental study concludes that the optimum fow rate of part-cooled EGR acts syn-
ergistically with the applied magnetic felds to enhance the combustion characteristics of LPG emanating an improved fuel
economy of 13.8% and brake thermal efciency of 3.9%. The increased emission of oxides of Nitrogen which is the major
setback of LPG combustion can be addressed through the combined efect of part-cooled EGR and magnetic feld-assisted
combustion. Moreover, the reduction in stability of combustion through the recirculation of exhaust can also be balanced
by the applied magnetic feld.
Keywords Combustion · Liquefed Petroleum Gas · Part-cooled EGR · Magnetic feld · Emission control
Abbreviations
NdFeB Neodymium iron boron permanent magnet
MPFI Multipoint port fuel injection
EGR Exhaust gas recirculation
BP Brake power
BTE Brake thermal efciency
BSFC Brake-specifc fuel consumption
NHRR Net heat release rate
IMEP Indicated mean efective pressure
COV Coefcient of variation
CO Carbon monoxide
CO
2
Carbon dioxide
HC Hydrocarbon
NO
x
Oxides of nitrogen
1 Introduction
Liquefed Petroleum gas is a gas-phase mixture of hydro-
carbons comprised primarily of butane and propane in
varying proportions. Derived from crude oil or natural gas,
it is being increasingly utilized as an alternative fuel due to
its reputation as a clean burning fuel. LPG is preferred for
automotive operations due to its lower carbon to hydrogen
ratio, lower cost to the end users, non-corrosive nature
and the absence of aromatic hydrocarbons [1]. Although
the efective power output of an SI engine is expected to
increase with the higher calorifc value of LPG, this is
negated through a reduction in volumetric efciency [2].
The thermodynamic modelling of gasoline engine fuelled
by LPG reported signifcant reduction in harmful exhaust
* Shivaprasad Kumar Vijayalakshmi
spkvnitk@gmail.com
1
IC Engine Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical
Engineering, National Institute of Technology Karnataka,
Surathkal, India
2
Department of Engineering, Durham University, Durham,
UK