https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318795674
Qualitative Health Research
1–11
© The Author(s) 2018
Article reuse guidelines:
sagepub.com/journals-permissions
DOI: 10.1177/1049732318795674
journals.sagepub.com/home/qhr
Research Article
Introduction
The number of immigrant youth arriving to the United
States has increased dramatically over the past two
decades (Passel & Cohn, 2008). If the current pattern
holds, it is estimated that by 2050, immigrant children and
adolescents will make up one third of all youth in the
United States (Passel, 2011). Currently, 58% of immigrant
youth are of Latin American origin (Passel, 2011), reflect-
ing the importance of attending to the unique experiences
of Latino immigrant youth. Recent research has yielded
important information about the various stressors that
Latino immigrant youth confront in their everyday lives,
including dislocated systems of social support, traumatic
experiences, discrimination, poverty, and failed expecta-
tions (Gómez & Castañeda, 2018; Gulbas & Zayas, 2015;
Suarez-Orozco et al., 2010; Williams & Butler, 2003).
Each of these challenges has important implications for
the mental health and well-being of Latino immigrant
youth, and research has suggested that Latino immigrant
youth are at greater risk for the development of depressive
and anxiety disorders compared with the general youth
population (Potochnick & Perreira, 2010).
The mental health and well-being of Latino immigrant
youth depends greatly on the care they receive. In an
effort to situate the everyday lives of immigrant youth,
this article shifts attention from the experiences of youth
to a focus on the providers who serve them. As Clevenger,
Derr, Cadge, and Curran (2014) note, service providers
are frequently “on the front lines” (p. 2) of facilitating the
integration of immigrant youth into the broader sociocul-
tural context. As they argue, “gaining a better understand-
ing of how these providers view recent immigrants, sheds
light on the logics behind. . .how they work with immi-
grants” (Clevenger et al., 2014, p. 67). Some research has
pointed to tensions between mental health practitioners
and their immigrant clients around issues related to inter-
cultural understanding (Ahn, Miller, Wang, & Laszloffy,
2014; Kirmayer, 2012; Kirmayer et al., 2011; Rastogi,
Massey-Hastings, & Wieling, 2012). Given these ten-
sions, many providers continue to advocate for the inclu-
sion of cultural competency requirements in professional
795674QHR XX X 10.1177/1049732318795674Qualitative Health ResearchOlcońand Gulbas
research-article 2018
1
University of Wollongong, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
2
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
Corresponding Author:
Katarzyna Olcoń, Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Health and
Society, University of Wollongong, South Western Sydney Campus,
33 Moore Street, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
Email: kolcon@uow.edu.au
“Because That’s the Culture”:
Providers’ Perspectives on the Mental
Health of Latino Immigrant Youth
Katarzyna Olcoń
1
and Lauren E. Gulbas
2
Abstract
Immigrant youth experience a combination of stressors, such as isolation and discrimination, that put them at a greater
risk for negative mental health outcomes. Relying on interviews with 24 service providers who work with Latino
immigrant youth, this article examines how they construct and intervene in the worlds of immigrant youth to improve
youth’s mental health outcomes. Inductive thematic analysis revealed providers’ reliance on cultural interpretations
of the psychosocial circumstances facing immigrant youth. Providers alternated between drawing on discourses that
reproduced stereotypes, assumptions, and biases, while simultaneously striving to transcend sociocultural differences
to focus on the lived experiences of their clients. Although providers acknowledged the importance of structural
barriers, such as poverty and discrimination, they “bracketed” these issues when recommending interventions. The
article highlights that as cultural competence increasingly becomes part of social services, this professional discourse
may distract providers’ attention from more relevant targets of intervention.
Keywords
immigrant youth; Latino/Hispanic; mental health; service providers; cultural competency; Southern U.S.; qualitative
methods; thematic analysis