American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) 2022 American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-ISSN: 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-11, Issue-05, pp-65-82 www.ajer.org Review Paper Open Access www.ajer.org Page 65 Development of an Improved Contingency Analysis Model for Power Transmission Expansion System (Camtes) Part-1 Braide, S.L. 1 and Idoniboyeobu, D.C. 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, Rivers State University Corresponding Author: Braide, Sepiribo Lucky ABSTRACT: The issue of deregulation of an electric power industry in no doubt will increase the present generation capacity upward by involving electrical utilities and independent power producers (IPPS) which will in turn increase the congestion on the already congested national grid. This paper presents an investigation into five bus system, which also applied to the Nigerian power transmission system with a view to expand the existing network as a solution to the congestion scenario are distributed throughout the network and bus voltages change. The new steady – state bus voltages and line currents can be predicted using the contingency analysis. This models will enables system planners and operators who must undertake hundred of studied in a short time period which are more concerned with knowing if “overloaded level” of currents and out of limit voltages exist than with finding the exact values of those quantities. Often resistance is considered neglible and the network model becomes purely reactive. Line charging and off nominal tap charging of transformers are also frequently omitted. Contingency model use Z bus and Y bus which become attractive from the computational new point-especially if loads can be treated as constant currents injections into the various buses of the system. KEYWORDS: Contingency Analysis Model, Transmission Expansion, Triangular Decomposition, Power System, Deregulation, Impedance Matrix and Admittance Matrix, five bus system. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Date of Submission: 04-05-2022 Date of acceptance: 18-05-2022 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. INTRODUCTION Removing a line from service can be simulated in the system model by adding the negative of the series impedance of the line between its two end buses. When considering line additions or removal from an existing system it is not always necessary to build a new Z bus or to calculate new triangular factor of Y bus matrix especially if the interest is to establish the impact of the changes on the existing bus voltages and line flows. An alternative procedure is considered to injection of compensating currents into the existing system to account for the effect of the line changes [1]. The formulation of this technique is `to examine the steady – state effects of adding lines to an existing system using the developed mathematical formulation. The concept of injecting compensating currents are introduced in order to allow the existing system Z bus material formation. [2]. II. MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM Calculation of Z bus Elements from Y bus When the full numerical form of Z bus is not explicitly required for an application, then it can readily calculate the elements of Z bus as needed parameter if the upper and lower triangular factors of Y bus are available to analyse how this can be done while considering the post multiplying operation of Z bus by a vector with only one nonzero elements Im = 1 in row m and all other elements equal to zero. When Z bus is a N X N matrix. III. MODEL FORMULATION FOR CALCULATION OF Z bus ELEMENTS FROM Y Bus , IN A FIVE (5) Bus SYSTEM. When the final numerical elements of Z bus is not explicitly required from an application then the calculated elements of Z bus are needed for the upper and lower triangular factors of Y bus which are available. To analyse how this can be done consider the post multiplying Z bus by a vectorwith only one nonzero element L=1in row m and all other elements equal to zero, Where Z bus is a N/Nmatrix this can be presented as: