Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Industri, Vol. 12, No.2, Juni 2015, pp.292 - 299
ISSN 1693-2390 print/ISSN 2407-0939 online
Copyright © 2015, SITEKIN, ISSN 2407-0939 292
Analisis Sistem PentanahanTransformator Distribusi
Di Universitas Lancang Kuning Pekanbaru
Abrar Tanjung
Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Lancang Kuning
Jl. Yos Sudarso Km. 8 Rumbai Pekanbaru, Telp. (0761) 52324
E-mail : abrartanjung_1970@yahoo.co.id
(Received: 27 Maret 2015; Revised: 16 Juni 2015; Accepted: 27 Juni 2015)
ABSTRAK
Untuk menyalurkan kebutuhan tenaga listrik tersebut dari produsen listrik ke konsumen diperlukan
suatu jaringan dan gardu distribusi. Berdasarkan Standar Perusahaan Listrik Negara (SPLN), sistem dapat
dikatakan efektif bila drop tegangannya tidak melebihi + 5 % dan - 10 % dari tegangan nominal, rugi-rugi
daya dan dari total daya yang disalurkan. Pada saat terjadi gangguan, arus gangguan yang dialirkan ke tanah
akan menimbulkan perbedaan tegangan pada permukaan tanah yang disebabkan karena adanya tahanan
tanah.Universitas Lancang Kuning merupakan lembaga pendidikan memiliki beberapa fakultas mempunyai
kegiatan admistrasi dan belajar mengajar, menggunakan peralatan listrik. Pemakaian beban listrik juga
banyak dipakai dalam pemasangan lampu penerangan dan peralatan-peralatan listrik lainnya. Akibat
penambahan beban pada gedung fakultas Unilak, menyebabkan terjadi ketidakseimbangan beban, nilai
tahanan pentanahan peralatan sangat besar dan terjadi kelebihan beban ( Over load) pada transformator
distribusi. Tujuan Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa dan menghitung besar tahanan pentanahan
transformator distribusi di Universitas Lancang Kuning. Metode penelitian dengan cara melakukan
pengukuran data transfromator distribusi menggunakan alat ukur, melakukan analisa data dan perhitungan
data.
Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan nilai pentanahan peralatan transformator distribusi diperoleh sebesar
22,15 ohm, arus gangguan hubung singkat pada transformator distribusi 1,15 amper, kenaikan tegangan
phasa sehat diperoleh untuk transformator distribusi sebesar 308 volt, tegangan sentuh 288,1 volt dan
tegangan langkah sebesar 938 volt, rugi-rugi daya akibat arus netral sebesar 111,62 watt.
Kata Kunci : pentanahan netral, sistem tenaga listrik. transformator distribusi
ABSTRACT
To distribute the electrical power needs of electricity producers to consumers required a distribution
network and substations. Based on the Standard of the State Electricity Company (SPLN), the system can be
said to be effective if the voltage drop does not exceed + 5% and - 10% of the nominal voltage, and power
losses of the total power supplied. In the event of disruption, interference currents that flowed into the
ground will cause the voltage difference on the ground level due to the detainee soil. Lancang Kuning
University is an educational institution has several administration and faculty have teaching and learning
activities, using electrical equipment. The use of electrical load is also widely used in the installation of
lighting and other electrical equipment. The effect of addition load on Unilak faculty building, can be effect
unbalance load, grounding resistance equipment will be rised and made overload in distribution
transformers. The purpose of this research was to analyze and calculate the distribution transformer
earthing prisoners in Lancang Kuning University. Research methods in a way distribution transfromator
measurement data using a measuring instrument, perform data analysis and calculation of data.
Based on the results of the calculation value the distribution transformer earthing equipment obtained
for 22.15 ohm, short-circuit fault current at the distribution transformer 1.15 amperes, rising a healthy phase
voltage acquired for distribution transformers of 308 volts, the voltage of 288.1 volts touch and step voltages
for 938 volt, the impact neutral currents of power losses at 111.62 watts.
Keywords: distribution transformers, neutral grounding, electrical power system