ABSTRACT: In 2 experiments, a total of 184 pigs
(PIC, initial BW of 10.3 and 9.7 kg for Exp. 1 and 2,
respectively) were used to develop an available P (aP)
release curve for commercially available Escherichia co-
li-derived phytases. In both experiments, pigs were fed
a corn-soybean meal basal diet (0.06% aP) and 2 diets
with added inorganic P (iP) from monocalcium phos-
phate (Exp. 1: 0.075 and 0.15% aP; Exp. 2: 0.07 and
0.14% aP) to develop a standard curve. In Exp. 1, 100,
175, 250, or 500 phytase units (FTU)/kg of OptiPhos
2000 or 200, 350, 500, or 1,000 FTU/kg of Phyzyme
XP were added to the basal diet. In Exp. 2, 250, 500,
750, or 1,000 FTU/kg of OptiPhos 2000; 500, 1,000, or
1,500 FTU/kg of Phyzyme XP; or 1,850 or 3,700 FTU/
kg of Ronozyme P were added to the basal diet. One
FTU was defined as the amount of enzyme required to
release 1 μmol of iP per minute from sodium phytate at
37°C. For all phytase products, the manufacturer-guar-
anteed phytase activities were used in diet formulation.
All diets were analyzed for phytase activity using both
the Phytex and AOAC methods. Pigs were blocked by
sex and BW and allotted to individual pens with 8
pens per treatment. Pigs were killed on d 21, and fibu-
las were collected and analyzed for bone ash. In both
experiments, increasing iP improved (linear, P < 0.01)
G:F and percentage bone ash. Pigs fed increasing Op-
tiPhos had improved (Exp. 1: linear, P < 0.001; Exp. 2:
quadratic, P < 0.001) percentage bone ash, as did pigs
fed increasing Phyzyme XP (linear, P < 0.001). In Exp.
2, increasing Ronozyme P improved (quadratic, P <
0.01) percentage bone ash. Using analyzed values from
the AOAC method and percentage bone ash as the re-
sponse variable, an aP release curve was developed for
up to 1,000 FTU/kg of E. coli-derived phytases (Op-
tiPhos 2000 and Phyzyme XP) in P-deficient diets.
The prediction equation was Y = –0.000000125X
2
+
0.000236X + 0.016, where Y = aP release (%) and X =
analyzed phytase (FTU/kg) in the diet.
Key words: growth, nursery pig, phosphorus, phytase
©2010 American Society of Animal Science. All rights reserved. J. Anim. Sci. 2010. 88:3631–3644
doi:10.2527/jas.2010-2936
INTRODUCTION
The development of exogenous phytase (i.e., phos-
phatase enzymes that cleave P moieties from phytate)
is one of the most important discoveries in animal nu-
trition (Cromwell, 2009). In swine diets, the effect of
phytase in improving P digestibility and reducing P
excretion is well established (Jongbloed, 1987; Angel et
al., 2005). Phytase use is currently an integral part of
achieving environmental sustainability and providing a
more economical P source in swine and poultry diets
(Selle and Ravindran, 2007).
Several phytase products currently are commercially
available; however, there is confusion regarding how
to effectively compare these different sources. First,
there is wide variation in recommended dosages for
similar P release among different phytase sources. For
instance, 1,850 phytase units (FTU)/kg of Peniophora
lycii phytase (Ronozyme P, DSM Nutritional Products,
Basel, Switzerland) is recommended to replace 0.10%
available P (aP). Augspurger et al. (2004) demonstrat-
ed that 0.13% aP can be replaced in swine diets with
250 FTU/kg of OptiPhos (Phytex LLC, Sheridan, IN),
an Escherichia coli-derived phytase. But 500 FTU/kg
Efficacy of different commercial phytase enzymes and development
of an available phosphorus release curve for Escherichia coli-derived
phytases in nursery pigs
1,2
C. K. Jones,* M. D. Tokach,* S. S. Dritz,† B. W. Ratliff,‡ N. L. Horn,§
R. D. Goodband,*
3
J. M. DeRouchey,* R. C. Sulabo,* and J. L. Nelssen*
*Department of Animal Sciences and Industry, College of Agriculture, and †Food Animal Health
and Management Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan 66506;
‡Enzyvia LLC, Sheridan, IN 46069; and §JBS United Inc., Sheridan, IN 46069
1
Contribution No. 10-201-J from the Kansas Agric. Exp. Stn.,
Manhattan.
2
Appreciation is expressed to JBS United Inc. (Sheridan, IN) and
Enzyvia LLC (Sheridan, IN) for financial support.
3
Corresponding author: goodband@ksu.edu
Received February 23, 2010.
Accepted May 25, 2010.
3631
Published December 4, 2014