Journal of Environmental Protection, 2022, 13, 161-170 https://www.scirp.org/journal/jep ISSN Online: 2152-2219 ISSN Print: 2152-2197 DOI: 10.4236/jep.2022.131010 Jan. 20, 2022 161 Journal of Environmental Protection Hepatosomatic and Renosomatic Indices of Anabas testudineus Exposed to Various Levels of Cadmium Sharifah Nadrah Syed Idrus, Mohd Riduan Abdullah, Fazlin Hazirah Mohd, Mohd Sham Othman * Center for Toxicology & Health Risk Studies (CORE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract Cadmium has a high level of toxicity and can have adverse health effects on living organisms including fish. This study is conducted to identify the effects of cadmium exposure on the Hepatosomatic Index (HSI) and Renosomatic Index (RSI) of Anabas testudineus. Anabas testudineus is exposed to four dif- ferent cadmium treatment groups. The fishes were exposed to four treatment groups of different cadmium concentrations (0.000 mg/L, 0.005 mg/L, 0.010 mg/L and 0.015 mg/L) for 16 weeks. The results showed a decreasing trend of HSI value increasing cadmium concentration and exposure time. However, the opposite trend was observed with RSI where the higher the cadmium concentration over an increased exposure time, the higher the RSI. In conclu- sion, the study outcome shows significant changes in the value of HSI and RSI between different treatment groups with exposure time. Keywords Cadmium, Anabas testudineus, Hepatosomatic Index, Renosomatic Index 1. Introduction The advancement in science and technology is moving in tandem with the de- velopment of industrial activities worldwide. Heavy metal pollution has become a global concern and is no longer a foreign issue. According to [1], the loss of 1.6 million children’s lives is due to the contamination of drinking water sources which has led to heavy metal poisoning. The occurrence of heavy metal pollu- tion is no longer foreign in Malaysia. Excessive urbanization and industrial ac- How to cite this paper: Idrus, S.N.S., Abdullah, M.R., Mohd, F.H. and Othman, M.S. (2022) Hepatosomatic and Renosomat- ic Indices of Anabas testudineus Exposed to Various Levels of Cadmium. Journal of Environmental Protection, 13, 161-170. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2022.131010 Received: December 7, 2021 Accepted: January 17, 2022 Published: January 20, 2022 Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access