Investigation of the Heat Performance for Hyper Nanofluid in a Co-Current Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger Saleh Etaig 1 , Gamal Hshem 1 1 University of Benghazi Benghazi, Libya Reaz Hasan 2 , Noel Perera 2 2 University of Birmingham City B4 7XG, Birmingham, UK Abstract – The present study presents a three-dimensional analysis for a co-current heat exchanger with inclined baffles where Magnesium Oxide-copper Oxide-water hyper nanofluid is the cooling fluid. A recently introduced viscosity correlation was used to model the effective viscosity of the hyper nanofluid. The governing equations, continuity equation, momentum equation and energy equation were solved along with the boundary conditions by finite volume method. The aim of the study is to enhance the heat transfer rate using the hybrid nanofluid as a working fluid, enhancing the heat transfer can lead to a minimal cost. Various volume fractions were tested in the present study (0% to 4%). It was found that the heat transfer improved noticeably with the increase in the volume fraction of the hybrid nanoparticle. The heat performance was also promoted with the increase in Re number. Keywords: Hybrid Nanofluid, Heat Transfer, Heat Exchanger, Finite Volume 1. INTRODUCTION It Heat exchangers are encountered in various industrial applications. Hybrid nanofluids can be used in many types of heat exchanger such as those used in power production, the chemical industry, heat recovery, refrigeration, and air conditioning [1]. Pantzali et al. [2] presented a numerical and experimental study on the influence of CuO-water nanofluids on plate heat exchanger performance. Their observations revealed that the thermal conductivity augmentation led to significant drop in specific heat and an increase in viscosity. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate was promoted when the flow rate was minimised. Chun et al [3] conducted an experimental investigation on the heat transfer coefficient of three different types of alumina- water nanofluids in a double pipe heat exchanger under laminar flow. The experimental results revealed that an increase in the volume fraction increased the average heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger. The researchers reported several key factors that affected this heat transfer enhancement, including nanoparticle size and shape, the properties of nanoparticles, and the volume fraction. Huminic and Huminic [4] numerically studied the heat transfer performance of double-tube helical heat exchangers using Cu-water and TiO2-water nanofluids under laminar flow. They observed that for CuO-water at volume fraction 2% and same mass flow rate in an inner and outer tube, the heat transfer rate increased by 14% compared to water, as the base fluid. The simulations showed that the increase in the mass flow rate promoted the convective heat transfer coefficients of the nanofluids and water. An experimental study on the convective heat transfer coefficient of Ag-water nanofluids in a double pipe heat exchanger was presented by Asirvatham et al. [5]. Their results indicated that, under a constant Reynolds number, the nanoparticles significantly enhanced heat transfer. At volume fraction 0.9%, the augmentation in the heat transfer coefficients was as much as 69.3%. The researchers also developed a correlation to predict the Nu number, and then compared experimental results with the results calculated by the correlation; an error of 10% was noted. Mousavi et al [6] studied the effects of a magnetic field on the heat transfer in a double pipe heat exchanger using nanofluids. Their results showed that the inner sinusoidal pipe considerably enhanced the heat transfer rate in the heat exchangers. Their findings showed that the Nusselt number increased by up to 25%. According to their predictions, heat transfer is enhanced by an increase in magnetic field intensity. Goodarzi et al [7] conducted a numerical and experimental investigation on the heat transfer characteristics of NDG-water nanofluids in a double pipe heat exchanger. They observed an improvement in thermal conductivity of up to 37%. Viscosity decreased with an increase in the temperature by between 51.2 and 51.5%. On the other hand, an increase in Reynolds number and volume fraction could increase the friction factor and thereby increase pressure drop. The main finding was that the key parameters in terms of heat exchanger efficiency enhancement are thermal conductivity and fluid density. Sarafraz et al [8] presented an experimental study on the thermal performance of multi-walled carbon nanotube nanofluids in a double pipe heat exchanger. They observed that that CNT nanofluid promoted convective cooling. The increase in the thermal conductivity due to fluid was found to be 56%, and heat transfer was significantly promoted by this increase in thermal International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 http://www.ijert.org IJERTV8IS120063 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.) Published by : www.ijert.org Vol. 8 Issue 12, December-2019 187