Vol.:(0123456789) 1 3
Catalysis Letters
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10562-019-02851-2
Efect of Cu‑Promotion on the Performance of Molybdenum Sulfde
for Hydrotreating of FCC Gasoline
Paulino Betancourt
1
· Susana Pinto‑Castilla
2
Received: 20 October 2018 / Accepted: 30 May 2019
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
Copper sulfde (either supported or unsupported) has received poor attention as promoter since this chalcogenide displayed
modest hydrotreatment activity. In this sense, was evaluated the potential of sulfde CuMo catalyst in the FCC gasoline
hydrotreatment. A MoS
2
bulk and the industrial NiMo/Al
2
O
3
catalyst were used as reference. According to the results
obtained, the NiMo commercial catalyst had higher HDS, HDN, and HYD activity, but with a signifcant decrease in the
octane number (RON). While the CuMo catalysts showed a lower response towards hydrotreatment, maintaining its octane
value. According to the results obtained in the characterizations carried out (XRD, XPS, TPR, physisorption of N
2
, among
others), we propose that copper species could be generating geometric and/or electronic changes in the CuMoS phases,
increasing the number of active sites. Additionally, the incorporation of the Cu in the crystalline structure could be modify-
ing its electronic structure, granting a metallic character to the active phase. The work demonstrates the potential of CuMo
catalyst for HDT of FCC gasoline.
Graphical Abstract
Keywords Copper-molybdenum catalysts · Hydrotreating · FCC gasoline
1 Introduction
Hydrotreating catalysts are used in numerous refnery pro-
cesses to remove mainly sulfur, and nitrogen contaminants
present in petroleum. The development of highly active
hydrotreating catalysts has been one of the major interests
in the petroleum industry in order to comply with increas-
ingly stringent environmental regulations. To decrease these
environmental problems, the nitrogen and sulfur content in
the fuel has been, and will continue to be, reduced to ever
lower levels. This is combined with the rapid increase of
demand for transportation fuels, which requires refneries
to produce clean fuels from available sources. In a typical
* Susana Pinto-Castilla
cspc99@gmail.com
Paulino Betancourt
paulino.betancourt@gmail.com
1
Facultad de Ciencias, Centro de Catálisis, Petróleo y
Petroquímica, Escuela de Química, Universidad Central
de Venezuela, Los Chaguaramos, Caracas 40679, AP,
Venezuela
2
Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica de Superfcies, Centro
de Química, IVIC, Altos de Pipe, km 11, Carretera
Panamericana, Caracas, Venezuela