Annals of Plant Sciences 6.11 (2017) pp. 1790-1793 * Corresponding Author: Mr. Baljinder singh Lala Lajpat Rai College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India. E-mail: bajwabaljinder1@gmail.com http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2017.6.11.12 Page | 1790 Research Article Anti-inflammatory potential of root and stem extracts of Sesbania sesban Baljinder Singh 1,2* , Rajiv Sharma 3 , A.N. Kalia 4 1 Lala Lajpat Rai College of Pharmacy, Moga - 142001, Punjab, India. 2 I. K. G. Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala - 144603, Punjab, India. 3 Sri Sai college of Pharmacy, Manawala, Amritsar - 143115, Punjab, India. 4 Sri Sai college of Pharmacy, Badhani, Pathankot - 145001, Punjab, India. Received: 10/24/2017; Accepted: 10/28/2017 Abstract: Successive extracts of root and stem of Sesbania sesban were investigated for in-vitro and in-vivo anti- inflammatory potential employing human red blood cell membrane stabilization and rats paw edema methods respectively. Currently much interest is being paid in the search of medicinal plants with potent anti-inflammatory activity which may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic entity. The plant based agents are not only used to suppress the inflammation but also used in different disease conditions where the inflammation responses are amplifying the disease process. The potency of the successive extracts of root and stem of Sesbania sesban were compared with standard diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg/b.w.). The n-butanol, aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts showed the most significant (p<0.01) whereas chloroform and total alkaloidal extracts showed modereate anti- inflammatory effects on membrane stabilizing action on human red blood cell membrane and inhibition of rats paw edema methods. Keywords: Sesbania sesban, anti-inflammatory, human red blood cell, stabilization method Introduction Inflammation is a self-defense response against tissue injury and it involves a complex group of enzyme activation, fluid extravasations, mediator release, cell migration, tissue breakdown and repair which are aimed at host defense and usually activated in most disease condition (Kumar et al., 2011). Role of inappropriate inflammation is becoming accepted in many diseases that affect man, including cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, infection and cancer. Edema formation, leukocyte infiltration and granuloma formation are main manifestations of inflammation (Kumar et al., 2012). Edema formation in the paw is the result of a synergism between various inflammatory mediators that increase vascular permeability or the mediators that increase blood flow. Carrageenan-induced paw edema is widely used for determining the biphasic phase of inflammation. Histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and bradykinin are the first detectable mediators in the early phase of carrageenan-induced inflammation (Ramachandran et al., 2011), whereas prostaglandins are detectable in the late phase of inflammation (Sakat et al., 2010). The present research aims to investigate in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory activities of root and stem extracts of Sesbania sesban. It is found throughout the plains of India and commonly called as Jayanti. Preliminary phytochemical screening of successive different extracts of root and stems of S. sesban revealed the presence of several phytochemical compounds such as triterpenoids, carbohydrates, vitamins, amino acids, proteins, tannins, saponins glycosides and steroids. Traditionally the plant is used in the treatment of inflammatory rheumatic conditions, diarrhea, in excessive menstrual flow, to reduce enlargement of spleen and in skin diseases (Kumar et al., 2014). Material and Methods Plant Material The dried plant materials root and stem of Sesbania sesban were collected from S V University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh and botanical authentication certificate has been obtained from Dr. K. Madhava Chetty, S V University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. The collected plant materials coarsely powdered. The coarse powder was subjected to successively extracted using chloroform, n- butanol, ethyl acetate, methanol and water as solvents individually. Animals Wistar albino rats, weighing 180–200 g, were obtained from the animal house of the Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga (Punjab) India under the IAEC approval no. CPCSEA/IAEC/N18/P329. Acute toxicity study was carried out as per standards guidelines. Stem and root extracts of Sesbania sesban were found safe up to a dose level of 4000 mg/kg/b.w. The extracts of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg/b.w. were used as