Open Access Research Article
Saran et al., J Forensic Res 2013, 4:5
DOI: 10.4172/2157-7145.1000204
Volume 4 • Issue 5 • 1000204
J Forensic Res
ISSN: 2157-7145 JFR, an open access journal
Differentiation of Handedness of Writer Based on their Strokes and
Characteristic Features
Vaibhav Saran*, Suneet Kumar, Gupta AK and Syeed Ahmad
Department of Forensic Science, SHIATS, Allahabad, India
*Corresponding author: Vaibhav Saran, Department of Forensic Science,
SHIATS, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211007, India, Tel: +915322684012; E-mail:
dr.vaibhavsaran@gmail.com
Received August 27, 2013; Accepted October 30, 2013; Published November
01, 2013
Citation: Saran V, Kumar S, Gupta AK, Ahmad S (2013) Differentiation of
Handedness of Writer Based on their Strokes and Characteristic Features. J
Forensic Res 4: 204. doi:10.4172/2157-7145.1000204
Copyright: © 2013 Saran V, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and
source are credited.
Keywords: Handedness; Handwriting strokes; Lef and right slope
Introduction
Handwriting is individual style of writing. When any person
writes any letter, frstly the image of letter is cause in his mind and
person tried to write this duplicate image of letter with the help of
materials and hand muscles because our muscles control by the brain
which guide the formation of letter and each vibration of movement
is unconsciously afect the writer. In this study an attempt is made to
diferentiate the lef handed and right handed writer by the horizontal
stroke and the direction of slope. Tis is assumed that the Right Handed
writers make strokes from lef-to-right and Lef Handed writers make
strokes from right-to-lef. Te Right Handed writing and LH writing
are diferentiating by other characters like slope [1,2]. Tis slope can
be examined in only cursive writing. Te Right Handed writers makes
forward slope and Lef Handed writers makes backward slope. In the
document cases document examiner eliminate many suspects with the
help of this technique.
Te role of probabilities of handwriting characteristics was
recognized over a hundred years ago. However their use in court
testimony is not currently feasible due to the complexity of the
problem. Tere have been very few eforts to characterize the statistical
characteristics of such features, a notable one being [3].
On the other hand there have been eforts to compute features
automatically but the features tend to be gross approximations of the
characteristics employed or the features do not correspond to human
determined characteristics at all.
Methodology
Total 100 HW samples were collected for this study, 50 were lef-
handed writing and 50 were right-handed writing. Te collected HW
samples were examined by various type of optical instrument such as
stereoscopic microscope, hand lens, fexible arm illuminated magnifer
and grid scale. Te HW samples of LH writing and RH writing was
observed for the characteristic features like strokes and Slope. Direction
of stroke was examine in which letters having cross bar like t, f, A, I, E,
F has a signifcant degree of variation in their formation among the LH
writer and RH writer, its been presumed from that the LH writer makes
the horizontal stroke in R-to-L direction in contrast to the RH writer
who write in L-to-R direction. Te theory was postulated on hypothesis
and was proved by statistical analysis. Te slope was examined in only
cursive writing. For the purpose of this study six letters was selected
like t, l, d, f, g and y. For the measurement of direction of slope a base
line was draw in the bottom of letter and then letter was divided by the
vertical line and measure the direction of slope with the help of grid.
Te RH writers makes forward slope and LH writers makes backward
slope.
Results and Discussion
Te results are given in detail from Tables 1-4. It is remembered
that the fundamental question behind this project are: “What % of LH
writers and what % of RH writers on the basis of direction of strokes
and slope?’’
Discussion
Te results reported here in from Tables 1-4 long with the related
Figures 1-6 emphasizes on the diference between lef-handed writer and
right-handed writer it shows that the lef-handed writer made strokes
in right-to-lef direction and the slope of letters has an inclination in
backward direction where as right-handed writer made stokes in lef-
to-right direction and the inclination of slope was in forward direction.
Tese data of samples were checked by Statistical-Analysis. Signifcant
P-value supported the hypothesis that there is signifcant diference in
HW of LH writer and RH writer. Statistical study using various methods
to calculate the probabilities of nearly 1500 writing styles of “and” were
determined and tabulated by Srihari and Ball [4], and suggested scope
of further research in statistical analysis of handwriting.
Summary and Conclusion
In the present study 100 samples of handwriting was taken for the
Abstract
Handwriting is a person’s particular & individual style of writing with pen or pencil, which contrasts with “Hand’’
which is an impersonal and formalized writing style in several historical varieties. In the present study 100 samples
of handwriting were collected for the “Identifcation of handedness of author on the basis of their strokes and
characteristic features’’. Out of 100 handwriting samples, 50 were left-handed writer and 50 were right-handed writer.
The study was carried out at the School of Forensic-Science, SHIATS, Allahabad. Left-handed writing and Right-
handed writing samples were identifed on the basis of horizontal strokes and slope and the hypothesis considered
that there is signifcant difference in left-handed writing and right-handed writing were checked.
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ISSN: 2157-7145
Journal of Forensic Research