*Corresponding author.
Email: tun.nur@yahoo.com
eISSN: 2550-2166 / © 2019 The Authors. Published by Rynnye Lyan Resources
Food Research 4 (1) : 161 - 165 (February 2020)
Journal homepage: http://www.myfoodresearch.com
FULL PAPER
Comparative microbiological analysis of four different sea fishes collected from
local market in Dhaka Metropolis
1,
*Nur, I.T.,
2
Mou, A.N. and
1
Habiba, U.
1
Department of Microbiology, Stamford University Bangladesh, 51 Siddeswari Road, Dhaka-1217,
Bangladesh
2
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
Article history:
Received: 14 July 2019
Received in revised form: 5
August 2019
Accepted: 14 August 2019
Available Online: 6
September 2019
Keywords:
Raw fish,
Cooked fish,
Frozen cooked fish,
Pathogens,
Microbiological quality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(1).253
Abstract
The present investigation attempted to evaluate the existence and survival of spoilage
microorganisms in four common sea fishes (Poma, Rupchanda, Koral and Tuna) available
in Bangladesh and to determine the effects of cooking temperature to optimize the growth
of fish microflora. Moreover, the status of fish in frozen condition after cooking was also
studied. A total 4 categories of sea fishes were collected from the local shops in Dhaka
city. Raw, cooked and frozen fish samples were analyzed for the existence of pathogenic
bacteria through the conventional cultural techniques and the confirmative biochemical
identification procedures. Total viable bacteria were present in all four fish samples in
raw, cooked and frozen condition up to 6 log CFU/mL. Most of the raw fish samples were
found to harbor a huge population of microorganisms up to 5 log CFU/mL including the
fecal coliforms. Several specific bacterial species like E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella
spp., Shigella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Vibrio spp. were present
in raw samples. However, the microbial load reduced from the fish after cooking and the
status was static in frozen condition. Thus, the incidence of fecal coliforms in raw fish
may be considered as a serious threat to the public health upon consumption of such
fishes.
1. Introduction
Fish and fish products are important source of
animal protein, highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA)
and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), minerals and
vitamin. Marine fish oil is a good source of omega-3
fatty acids (Huynh et al., 2007; Dhaneesh et al., 2012;
Belton et al., 2014). In Bangladesh, about 60% of the
total animal protein intake is obtained from fishery
products (Bogarda et al., 2015; Eizenberga et al., 2015).
Marine water of Bangladesh also has 442 species of fish
and 36species of marine shrimps and which is widely
consumed by Bangladeshi people and tourists (Quader,
2010).
Because of its high nutritive value, sea fishes are a
major vehicle for pathogenic bacteria. Fishes can be
contaminated by both aquatic environment and post-
harvesting condition (Al-Sheraa, 2018). Due to the attack
of pathogenic bacteria and fungi a wide ranges of sea
fishes spoilages occurs which adversely affect the
economic condition in Bangladesh and as well as public
health. Contamination of sea fishes can take places at
several stages of transport, handling, processing,
packaging and storage condition by both bacteria and
fungi. It was reported that Processing materials, water
and ice could be a source of contamination (Sanjee and
Karim, 2016). However, normal flora of fish proceeds
spoilage due to inappropriate packaging (Bryan, 1980;
Okonko et al., 2008; Okonko et al., 2009). Aeromonas,
Vibrio spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus spp.,
Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Clostridium perfringens.
are mainly caused various foodborne illness when they
enter our intestine through contaminated sea fishes
(Feldhusen, 2000; Vazquez-sanchez et al, 2012; Zarei et
al., 2012; Falaise et al., 2016; Iwamoto et al., 2000).
Along with bacteria and fungi, seafood-associated illness
occurring by viruses (Norovirus and Hepatitis A) and
certain parasites. Most outbreaks of food poisoning
associated with fish and seafood derive from the
consumption of raw or insufficiently heat treatment,
insufficient cooking and cross-contamination during
processing (Mohammed et al., 2017).
Raw fishes naturally have a number of bacteria, and
this can be opportunistic and causing foodborne
infections rapidly if it is left for several hours at room
temperature without processing. Pathogenic bacteria