Please cite this article in press as: Zernotti ME, et al. Congenital Aural Atresia prevalence in the Argentinian population. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2017.10.006 ARTICLE IN PRESS +Model OTORRI-850; No. of Pages 4 Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2018;xxx(xx):xxx---xxx www.elsevier.es/otorrino BRIEF COMMUNICATION Congenital Aural Atresia prevalence in the Argentinian population Mario Emilio Zernotti a,b,* , Carlos A. Curet c , Susana Cortasa d , Mario Chiaraviglio e , Maria Fernanda Di Gregorio f a Catholic University of Cordoba, Argentina b School of Speech Therapy, National University of Cordoba, Argentina c Medicine Faculty, San Roque Hospital, National University of Cordoba, Argentina d Hospital Pablo Soria, Jujuy, Argentina e Hospital Notti, Mendoza, Argentina f Otoneurology Department, Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina Received 4 October 2017; accepted 31 October 2017 KEYWORDS Microtia; Congenital Aural Atresia; Prevalence Abstract Introduction: Congenital Aural Atresia (CAA) or microtia is a malformation that results in esthetic and functional problems. There is little information on prevalence, considering that Latin American is the most affected region in the world. Objective: To determine the prevalence of microtia, considering the different ethnical struc- ture of the population. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of the clinical reports of newborn infants (public hospitals) in three different regions. Results: The incidence of CAA in Argentina was 1 case per 7500 new births (i.e. 1.3/10,000). Marked differences were found per geographical area. The means were calculated per year by bilateral parametric estimation, according to the ethnical origins of the population. In the Caucasoid area: 02.47/10,000 (±1.2), in the Mestizo area: 03.99/10,000 (±0.0) and finally in the Amerindian area: 20.93/10,000 (±0.1). Conclusion: This study shows different incidences according to the demographic features of the population from 1.90/10,000 to 20.9/10,000. This data indicates that CAA is associated with a genetic problem (ethnic differences). © 2018 Sociedad Espa˜ nola de Otorrinolaringolog´ ıa y Cirug´ ıa de Cabeza y Cuello. Published by Elsevier Espa˜ na, S.L.U. All rights reserved. ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: Mario.zernotti@gmail.com (M.E. Zernotti). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.otorri.2017.10.006 0001-6519/© 2018 Sociedad Espa˜ nola de Otorrinolaringolog´ ıa y Cirug´ ıa de Cabeza y Cuello. Published by Elsevier Espa˜ na, S.L.U. All rights reserved.