316 Original Article Nepal Med Coll J 2012; 14(4): 316-319 Common reasons for hospitalization among adult patients with diabetes in a private medical college in Kathmandu P Adhikari, UN Pathak and N Subedi Department of Internal Medicine, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Atterkhel, Jorpati, Kathamndu, Nepal Corresponding author: Dr. Prabin Adhikari, Lecturer, Department of Internal Medicine, Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital, Jorpati, Kathmandu, Nepal; e-mail: prabinadhikari@yahoo.com ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus is one of the important non communicable disease affecting the adult populations around the world. Incidence of diabetes increasing in South Asia. Nepal is also experiencing increasing in diabetes disease burden. Diabetes mellitus is one of the important causes of hospital admission in the western world. In this study we evaluated the causes of hospital admission amongst diabetic population. Most common cause is of diagnosis is some forms of infections commonest (20%) being urinary tract infections. Ten out of total 69 patients had septicemia. Six patients out of 69 had sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis only one patient presented with metabolic complications of diabetes i.e. diabetic ketoacidosis. Coronary artery disease with heart failure was present in 14 patients. Five patients had diabetic nephropathy and 3 had retinopathy. This shows that infections is the major cause of hospital admission for diabetics followed by heart failure. Tuberculosis is important diagnosis in person with diabetes. This study shows more female patients get admitted and amongst admitted patents glycemic control is poor. This signify that women had more complications than male counter parts. Keywords: Diabetics, Ketoacidosis, infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the patients admitted in general medical ward of Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital (NMCTH) for a period of 6 months from July 2012 to December 2012 were enrolled in the study. Patients were selected for the study if they are already on any form on hypoglycemia treatment. They were followed upto discharge for the final diagnosis. All the patients were informed and taken consent to publish their data. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed. RESULTS Mean age of admitted patient is 60 years minimum was 28 and maximum is 91 years old. Out of total 69 patients Female were39 (56.5%) and male30 (43.5 %.) Fig. 1. Most of the patients admitted were with complaints of fever 55 followed by loss of consciousness 6 dizziness 5, swelling of body and nausea and vomiting 3 each (Fig. 2). INTRODUCTION According to the World Health Organization’s recent update, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are one of the top five contributing risk factors for cardiovascular deaths in the world. 1 It is estimated that, in 2010, 6.4% of adults would have diabetes mellitus affecting 285 million in the world and it will increase to 7.7% by 2030, affecting 439 million adults. Of special note is that there will be a 67% increase in the prevalence of diabetes in developing countries from 2010 to 2030. 2 There has been no nationwide survey to estimate the actual prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetic conditions among Nepali population. The currently reported prevalence is either from the hospital and urban area based studies. 3 A study done in Nepal showed out of total admission in the hospital The most common affected system was respiratory system 31.73% followed by gastrointestinal including liver 18.64%, cardiovascular 11.34%, genitourinary 12.01%, neurology 9.23%, endocrine 4.80%. 4 Fig. 1: Sex Ratio Fig. 2: Presenting Complaints