© 2017 Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Sept-Oct;22(5):30-8 30
original article
Cephalometric evaluation of adult anterior open bite
non-extraction treatment with Invisalign
Shuka Moshiri
1
, Eustáquio A. Araújo
1
, Julie F. McCray
1
, Guilherme Thiesen
1
, Ki Beom Kim
1
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate, by means of cephalometric appraisal, the vertical effects of non-extraction treat-
ment of adult anterior open bite with clear aligners (Invisalign system, Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Methods: Lateral
cephalograms of 30 adult patients with anterior open bite treated using Invisalign (22 females, 8 males; mean age at start of treat-
ment: 28 years and 10 months; mean anterior open bite at start of treatment: 1.8 mm) were analyzed. Pre- and post-treatment
cephalograms were traced to compare the following vertical measurements: SN to maxillary occlusal plane (SN-MxOP), SN
to mandibular occlusal plane (SN-MnOP), mandibular plane to mandibular occlusal plane (MP-MnOP), SN to mandibular
plane (SN-MP), SN to palatal plane (SN-PP), SN to gonion-gnathion plane (SN-GoGn), upper 1 tip to palatal plane (U1-PP),
lower 1 tip to mandibular plane (L1-MP), mesiobuccal cusp of upper 6 to palatal plane (U6-PP), mesiobuccal cusp of lower 6
to mandibular plane (L6-MP), lower anterior facial height (LAFH), and overbite (OB). Paired t-tests and descriptive statistics
were utilized to analyze the data and assess any significant changes resulting from treatment. Results: Statistically significant
differences were found in overall treatment changes for SN-MxOP, SN-MnOP, MP-MnOP, SN-MP, SN-GoGn, L1-MP, L6-
MP, LAFH, and OB. Conclusions: The Invisalign system is a viable therapeutic modality for non-extraction treatment of adult
anterior mild open bites. Bite closure was mainly achieved by a combination of counterclockwise rotation of the mandibular
plane, lower molar intrusion and lower incisor extrusion.
Keywords: Open bite. Orthodontics. Orthodontic appliances.
1
Saint Louis University, Department of Orthodontics (Saint Louis, USA).
Contact address: Ki Beom Kim
Department of Orthodontics, Saint Louis University, 3320 Rutger Street
Saint Louis, MO, 63104 – E-mail: kkim8@slu.edu
Submitted: October 26, 2016 - Revised and accepted: April 18, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.5.030-038.oar
How to cite: Moshiri S, Araújo EA, McCray JF, Thiesen G, Kim KB. Cephalo-
metric evaluation of adult anterior open bite non-extraction treatment with Invis-
align. Dental Press J Orthod. 2017 Sept-Oct;22(5):30-8.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-6709.22.5.030-038.oar
» The authors report no commercial, proprietary or financial interest in the products
or companies described in this article.
Objetivo: o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma avaliação cefalométrica dos efeitos verticais do tratamento sem extração de mor-
didas abertas anteriores em adultos com o uso de alinhadores (sistema Invisalign, Align Technology, Santa Clara, CA, EUA). Méto-
dos: foram analisados cefalogramas laterais de 30 pacientes adultos com mordida aberta anterior, tratados com o sistema Invisalign (22
do sexo feminino, 8 do sexo masculino, com idade média ao início do tratamento de 28 anos e 10 meses, e mordida aberta anterior
média igual a 1,8mm). Os cefalogramas pré- e pós-tratamento foram traçados e as seguintes medidas verticais foram avaliadas: SN ao
plano oclusal maxilar (SN-MxOP), SN ao plano oclusal mandibular (SN-MnOP), plano mandibular ao plano oclusal mandibular
(MP-MnOP), SN ao plano mandibular (SN-MP), SN ao plano palatino (SN-PP), SN ao plano gônio-gnátio (SN-GoGn), incisivo
central superior ao plano palatino (U1-PP), incisivo central inferior ao plano mandibular (L1-MP), cúspide mesiovestibular do molar
superior ao plano palatino (U6-PP), cúspide mesiovestibular do molar inferior ao plano mandibular (L6-MP), altura facial anterior
inferior (AFAI) e sobremordida (OB). Testes t pareados e estatística descritiva foram utilizados para analisar os dados e as alterações
significativas resultantes do tratamento. Resultados: foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas durante o tratamento
para SN-MxOP, SN-MnOP, MP-MnOP, SN-MP, SN-GoGn, L1-MP, L6-MP, AFAI e OB. Conclusões: o sistema Invisalign é
uma modalidade terapêutica viável para o tratamento sem extração de mordidas abertas anteriores em pacientes adultos. O fechamento
da mordida foi obtido principalmente por uma combinação de rotação do plano mandibular no sentido anti-horário, intrusão molar
inferior e extrusão do incisivo inferior.
Palavras-chave: Mordida aberta anterior. Ortodontia. Aparelhos ortodônticos.