Onawumi, OOE et al./ Elixir Appl. Chem. 109 (2017) 48056-48058 48056
Introduction
Plants are very effective in the treatment of diseases and
serve as food. Some seeds offer multiple advantages of
providing plant proteins with reduced cost of production, less
difficulty of processing and can still be used as a medicinal
plant. Hence, all research effort geared towards effective
utilization of these inexpensive plants for nutritional,
functional properties and applications cannot be over-
emphasized. At present development on industrial scale is not
being accorded the attention it deserves [1]. This has been
attributed to the dearth of information available on their varied
processing techniques as linked to their nutritional properties
for different end usage and applications. One major
impediment militating against their direct usage in food
applications for human consumption is the hulls or outer
coating [2]. Additionally, the oil content of many of these
legumes hinder their applications in food products that could
be stored over time, being predisposed to rancidity effect.
Hunteria umbellata falls into this category of less recognized
and under-exploited seed despite its promising economic
value. Hunteria umbellata (Family: Apocynaceae) is a West
Africa glabrous tree which is known as Demonuain (French)
and Abeere (Yoruba, South West Nigeria). In African
traditional medicine, water decoction made from the dry seeds
of Hunteria umbellata is highly valued in the local treatment
of pain, swellings, infections, gastric ulcer, diabetes mellitus,
obesity and management of labour at term [3, 4]. This work
reports a comprehensive study on the nutritional and inorganic
element composition of the dehulled and whole seed of
Hunteria umbellata.
Material And Method
Fresh and matured Hunteria umbellata seeds were bought
at Oja Oba, Isale Osun Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The
seeds were washed properly with distilled water to remove any
impurities. The seed were dried for 21days until constant
weights was obtained and were divided into two parts; A and
B. Sample A was grinded without further treatment while the
outer layer of sample B was removed before grinding with a
mechanical machine. The two samples were kept in separate
air tight container for further analysis. Sample A is regarded as
whole Hunteria umbellata seed (WHUS) while sample B is
known to be dehulled Hunteria umbellata seed (DHUS). The
proximate analyses of the two samples were determined using
the method reported by AOAC, [6]. Test for the presence of
minerals was carried out after acid digestion. The supernatant
was decanted and the liquid was analyzed for the levels of Ca,
K, Mg, Mn, Na, and Fe using standard procedures. Sodium
and Potassium were determined using a flame photometer.
Nitrogen was determined by Kjeldahl method [7] and
converted to protein by multiplying by a factor of 6.25.
Moisture content of DHUS (9.57%) and WHUS (10.95%)
are very close to (11.2%) reported for baobab pulp seed [8]
and (9.2%) obtained for calabash whole seed [9]. The moisture
content indicates that the seed can be stored for a longer time
without spoilage. The ash content of DHUS (3.89%) and
WHUS (3.45%) are very close to (3.36%) value obtained for
Prunus persica seed [10], 3.70% obtained for calabash seed
by [11] and similar to 4.0% reported for calabash whole seed
[9].
Tele:
E-mail address: robertesther007@gmail.com
© 2017 Elixir All rights reserved
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received: 16 January 2017;
Received in revised form:
10 August 2017;
Accepted: 21 August 2017;
Keywords
Seed,
Dehulled seed,
Whole seed,
Spectrophotometer,
Hunteria umbellate.
Comparative study and nutritional assesment of dehulled and whole
hunteria umbellata seed
Onawumi, OOE
1
, Olagunju EO
2, *
and Afolabi SO
2
.
1
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke University of Technology, Ogbomoso,Oyo State, Nigeria
2
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Osun State Polytechnic Iree, Osun State, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The nutritional compositions of Hunteria umbellata were examined in this study.
Proximate, mineral and inorganic elements of dehulled Hunteria umbellata seed (DHUS)
and whole Hunteria umbellata seed (WHUS) were analyzed. The proximate composition
(%) of the DHUS and WHUS seed are as follows; crude protein (13.65) and (9.0), crude
fibre (26.79) and (2.74), crude fat (2.87) and (14.97), ash (3.89) and (3.45), moisture
(9.57) and (10.95) and carbohydrate (43.23) and (58.88). Hunteria umbellata are good
source of macro and micro nutrient (mg/100g) with Potassium (1130) and 1150,
Magnesium(180) and (189), Calcium (76) and (78), Sodium (87.5) and (90), Iron (60)
and (63), Manganese (5) and (7) also present in appreciable quantities. The result of
inorganic element (mg/100g) also revealed in Hunteria umbellata; Nitrogen (7.14) and
(2.11), Carbon (52.1) and (68.4), Hydrogen (4.22) and (6.11), Sulphur (2.33) and (2.26)
and Oxygen (34.3) and (21.1) respectively. Nitrogen content was determined by micro-
Kjeldahl method. Total carbohydrate was calculated by the difference method while
mineral analysis was carried out after acid digestion using spectrophotometer and flame
photometry. The high value obtained for potassium, carbohydrate, and carbon reveal that
Hunteria umbellata seed has potential of serving as supplement for food, source of
synthetic and antimicrobial drugs, and traditional herbal medicine.
© 2017 Elixir All rights reserved.
Elixir Appl. Chem. 109 (2017) 48056-48058
Applied Chemistry
Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal)