144 Copyright © 2019, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. Chapter 8 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-4972-7.ch008 ABSTRACT This chapter discusses multiple identity organizations and the implications this holds for multi-level mission-driven institutions. This review examines congruency between organizational mission state- ments as an identity utilitarian element, and rules and regulations as an identity normative element. In addition, the authors argue that organizational outcomes should be aligned with each of these multiple identities. The review uses a sample of Catholic universities and higher education institutions within the United States for analysis. The scholarly research emphasis of business departments/schools among these institutions is the common element used to measure this relationship. Bibliometrics and written language analysis were utilized. The findings provide initial evidence for misalignment and incongru- ence between their multiple identities and organizational outcomes. Multiple Identity Organizations and Performance: A Review of Catholic Institutions of Higher Education in the US and Their Business Departments Carlos Miguel Baldo Colorado Mesa University, USA Kyle S. Hull Aquinas College, USA Simón Aristeguieta-Trillos Clarion University of Pennsylvania, USA