© 2019 |Published by Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 46
Saudi Journal of Civil Engineering
Abbreviated Key Title: Saudi J Civ Eng
ISSN 2523-2657 (Print) |ISSN 2523-2231 (Online)
Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Journal homepage: http://saudijournals.com/sjce/
Original Research Article
The Effect of The Gable Orientation on The Artificial Ventilation
Consumption at Residence Houses in Medan
Sari Desi Minta Ito Simbolon
1,
Nelson M Siahaan
2,
Amy Marisa
2
1
Postgraduate student of Architecture Enginnering, North Sumatera Univeristy, Jl. DR. Mansyur, Padang Bulan, Medan Baru, Kota Medan,
Sumatera Utara 20153, Indonesia
2
Lecturers of Postgraduate Architecture Enginnering, North Sumatera Univeristy, Jl. DR. Mansyur, Padang Bulan, Medan Baru, Kota Medan,
Sumatera Utara 20153, Indonesia
*Corresponding author: Sari Desi Minta Ito Simbolon | Received: 27.03.2019 | Accepted: 07.04.2019 | Published: 30.04.2019
DOI:10.21276/sjce.2019.3.2.1
Abstract
The aims of the research are to investigate the effect of gable orientation on the artificial ventilation used, and the
intensity of artificial ventilation used which is effected by orientation gable. To achieve the aims of the research, mix
research method was used in which both qualitative and quantitative research method was used to obtain the more valid,
comprehensice and objective findings of the research. The techniques of collecting the data were literature study,
observation in which and the instruments of the research used were the data from literature study, questionnaire with
likert scale. After the data found, this research showed that the number of orientation of the roof will affect the ability of
roof itself to withstand the heat in order not to increase the consumption of artificial artificial excessively based on both
the orientation of both ideal and unideal direction at houses laid in Jasari Park Residence Medan. Then, based on a
questionnaire using Likert scale, the roof orientation in residential areas shows that North-South and East-West has
completely greater intensity in using the artificial ventilation than the roof orientation towards Southeast-Northwest and
Southwest- Northeast. This condition occured because this orientation of the roof surface of the building and the sides of
the wall are not only higher, and it absolutely reinforce the roofs that are facing in front of the orientation of the sun.
Keywords: Gable orientation, gable, residence, artificial ventilation.
Copyright @ 2019: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the original author and source
are credited.
INTRODUCTION
The consumption of electricity in the houses in
the tropics definetely reaches up to 40% of the total
load needed to cool down the rooms from the
accumulation of the indoor heat in which this kind of
situation frequently occurs in Medan, Indonesia. Based
on the previous reseach, the data showed that 80% of
the heat load from houses is not only affected by the
design of the walls and roof of a house but it is also
affected by other heat sources [1]. It clearly shows that
the issue of wall and roof design choices especially
artificial ventilation that use building elements can have
an impact on the level of the consumption of electrical
energy. The excessive use of electricity occurs due to
the heat of the room sourced from the roof against the
orientation of the sun, so that more electricity is needed
to maximize the comfortabale space. Yet, the waste of
electricity should be prevented by considering wall and
roof design choices [2]. Based on the phenomena
above, this research aims to investigate the orientation
of the suitable gable used in houses that it absolutely
gives an impact on The consumption of electricity in
which the case studies taken is in Jasari Park Residence
in Medan city located in Air Bersih Street, Medan
Denai District Indonesia where at this location there are
houses with an average building area with 54 m² whose
the roofs oriented to North and South, East and West,
Southeast and Northwest and Southwest and Northeast
with the same types of houses.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Particularly, a house is the essential necessary
for human being. Yet, the role of houses may depend on
the level of fulfillment of human needs themselves.
According to Maslow [3] there are 5 levels of the
fulfillment human needs visualized through pyramid
diagram called as Maslow pyramid that is related to the
level of human needs for a house as shown as Figure-1.