Research Article
A New Approach to Study h-Hemiregular Hemirings in terms of
Bipolar Fuzzy h-Ideals
Shahida Bashir ,
1
Ahmad N. Al-Kenani,
2
Rabia Mazhar,
1
and Zunaira Pervaiz
1
1
Department of Mathematics, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
2
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80219, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence should be addressed to Shahida Bashir; shahida.bashir@uog.edu.pk
Received 6 January 2022; Revised 7 February 2022; Accepted 2 March 2022; Published 15 April 2022
Academic Editor: Mingwei Lin
Copyright©2022ShahidaBashiretal.isisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
is paper provides a generalized form of ideals, that is, h-ideals of hemirings with the combination of a bipolar fuzzy set (BFS).
e BFS is an extension of the fuzzy set (FS), which deals with complex and vague problems in both positive and negative aspects.
e basic purpose of this paper is to introduce the idea of (α, β)−bipolar fuzzy h-subhemirings (h-BFSHs), (α, β)−bipolar fuzzy
h-ideals (h-BFIs), and (α, β)−bipolar fuzzy h-bi-ideals (h-BFbIs) in hemirings by applying the definitions of belongingness (∈)
and quasicoincidence (q) of the bipolar fuzzy point. We will also focus on upper and lower parts of the h-product of bipolar fuzzy
subsets (BFSSs) of hemirings. In the end, we have characterized the h-hemiregular and h-intrahemiregular hemirings in terms of
the (∈, ∈∨q)−h-BFIs and (∈, ∈∨q)−h-BFbIs.
1.IntroductionandMotivation
In 1994, Zhang [1] introduced bipolar fuzzy set theory which
is an inflation of fuzzy set theory. Bipolarity is an important
idea that is mostly used in our daily life. In a lot of disciplines
such as decision making, algebraic structures, graph theory,
and medical science, bipolar valued fuzzy sets have become a
significant research work. In real life, it is noticed that people
may have a different response at a time for the same qualities
of an item or a plan. One may have a positive response, and
theotheronemayhaveanegativeresponse;forexample,$100
is a big amount for a needy person, but at the same time, this
amount may have less value for a rich man. Similarly,
sweetness and sourness of a food, effects and side effects of
medicines, good and bad human behavior, happiness and
sadness, thin and thick fluid, and honesty and dishonesty all
are two-sided aspects of an object or situation. See [2–10] for
examples and results which are relevant to bipolar fuzzy sets.
In 1965, Zadeh [11] introduced the concept of fuzzy set
theory which deals with the uncertain and complex problems
in decision-making theory, medical science, engineering,
automata theory, and graph theory [12–16]. e right place of
entries to fuzzy set is indicated by a membership degree. In [0,
1] interval, perimeter point 0 shows no fuzzy set acceptability
and 1 shows the fuzzy set acceptance. Also, (0, 1) defines the
fuzzy collection to be partially belonging. If the membership
degree is any property, then 1 describes that the element
satisfiesthepropertyand0describesthattheelementdoesnot
satisfy the property. Interval (0, 1) shows the midway con-
dition. But, there was a difficulty to deliberate the irrelevancy
of data to the fuzzy set. e FS is extended to BFS to tackle
such situations.
In 1934, Vandiver [17] firstly familiarized the theory of
semiring. In 1935, Von Neumann introduced the idea of
regularity in rings and showed that for any nonempty set R,
if the semigroup (R, ·)isregular,thenthering(R,+, ·)isalso
regular [18]. In 1951, Bourne showed if for all r ∈ R there
exist x,y ∈ R such that r + rxr � ryr, then semiring (R, +, ·)is
also regular [19]. Hemirings (semirings with zero and
commutative addition) are studied in the theory of automata
and formal languages [20–22]. Algebraic patterns are very
important in mathematics. Hemiring is also a useful alge-
braic structure. It is very useful in functional analysis,
physics, computation, coding, topological space, automata
theory, formal language theory, mathematical modelling,
and graph theory.
Hindawi
Mathematical Problems in Engineering
Volume 2022, Article ID 2766254, 11 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2766254