Vol.:(0123456789)
Journal of Gambling Studies
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09889-2
1 3
ORIGINAL PAPER
Making EGMs Accountable: Can an Informative and Dynamic
Interface Help Players Self‑regulate?
Christopher A. Byrne
1
· Alex M. T. Russell
2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
Electronic gaming machines (EGMs) are recognised as one of the most harmful gambling
forms, because they promote high-speed repetitive gambling and automatically reinvest
winnings. These features, amongst others, make it difcult for EGM gamblers to keep
track of their play. Tools to assist gamblers exist, but have limited efectiveness because
they require user registration and manual activation, leading to low uptake. The present
study aimed to evaluate the efect of a more informative interface (including removal of
automatic reinvestment of winnings) and pop-up messages on gambling behaviour, and
on player experience. A total of 213 Australian participants, recruited through social
media, played a simulated online EGM. The experiment was a two (standard vs. informa-
tive interface) × two (pop-ups absent vs. present) between-subjects design. The informa-
tive interface: promoted keeping track of spins played; increased accurate estimation of
amount spent (as did pop-up messages) and time played; and provided game usage fgures
which acted as cues to quit play. Once the initial deposit (but not winnings) was expended,
informative interface users could opt to reinvest their winnings, although many opted to
exit at that point. No diference in total spending or dissociation was observed between
experimental groups. Informative interface users reported no reduction in enjoyment. Pop-
up messages reduced enjoyment with the standard interface, but increased enjoyment when
paired with an informative interface. These fndings indicate that a more informative inter-
face and pop-up messages may be useful in reducing the harmful nature of EGMs.
Keywords Electronic gaming machines · Gambling · Pop-up messages · Overspending ·
Cues to quit · Estimation accuracy
* Alex M. T. Russell
a.m.russell@cqu.edu.au
Christopher A. Byrne
christopherbyrne@hotmail.com
1
School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, Rockhampton, QLD 4701,
Australia
2
Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences,
CQUniversity, Level 6, 400 Kent St, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia