SHORT COMMUNICATION Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 2021, Vol. 31(01): 107-109 107 Functional and Radiological Outcome in Delayed Presenting Closed Displaced Lateral Condyle Fracture of Humerus in Children Afzal Hussain 1 , Tariq Siddique 1 and Syed Faraz Ul Hassan Shah Gillani 2 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pakistan Society for Rehabilitation of Disabled, Lahore, Pakistan 2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, King Edward Medical University / Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan ABSTRACT This prospective cohort study was conducted from July 2013 to May 2019. The functional and radiological outcome in displaced, neglected fracture of lateral condyle of the humerus treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with Kirschner wire was assessed. The sample size was 44 children aged between 2 to 15 years Milch type I a nd II displaced lateral condyle of humerus fracture, f our weeks and older were included. Carrying angle and infection was assessed clinically. Union and elbow functions were evaluated radiologically using the Mayo elbow score. The mean age of the children was 6.82 ± 2.83 years. Frac- ture was Milch type I in 11 (25%), and type II in 33 (75%). Pre- and post-operatively, Mayo elbow score was 3.63 ± 0.57 and 1.56 ± 0.50, respectively. Good to excellent functional outcome, and union was observed in delayed presenting lateral condyle of humerus fractures. Key Words: Lateral condyle humerus, Children, Delayed presentation, Mayo elbow score. How to cite this article: Hussain A, Siddique T. Functional and Radiological Outcome in Delayed Presenting Closed Displaced Lateral Condyle Fracture of Humerus in Children. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2021; 31(01):107-109. A fracture involving joints can be a disaster, if left untreated. Fracture lateral condyle of the humerus accounts for approxi- mately 13 to 18 percent of the elbow joint. They commonly occurinchildren,atthepeakageof6to7years.Untreatedfrac- tures of lateral condyle have a high risk of complications included, malunion, nonunion, avascular necrosis of ossific nucleus, ulnar nerve palsy, and angular deformity. 1 These fractures are treated with different methods, according to the degree of displacement. It is generally accepted that lateral condyle fracture of the humerus with more than 2 mm displacement requires anatomical reduction. 2 There is no consensus about the superiority of the surgical approach, the implant of choice, the postoperative period of immobilisation, and the management of neglected or late presenting fractures. 3 In late presenting fracture, there are different treatment methods included internal fixation, correc- tion of deformity secondary to fracture with osteotomy, ulnar nerve transposition, and sometimes combined procedures are required. 4 Correspondence to: Dr. Tariq Siddique, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pakistan Society for Rehabilitation of Disabled, Lahore, Pakistan E-mail: drtariqsiddiq@gmail.com ..................................................... Received: June 21, 2017; Revised: March 19, 2020; Accepted: March 30, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2021.01.107 In children, there is the risk of cubitus valgus as the child grows older; and it is argued that osteosynthesis should be attempted earlytopreventdeformityandenablethecondyletoparticipate in lower humerus growth. 5 This will aid in producing evidence supporting open reduction and internal fixation of older displaced later condyle fracture in our setup. In this study, four weeks, and older displaced lateral condyle fracture humerus were treated with ORIF with K-wires; and the outcome was prospectively evaluated. The study was conducted using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pakistan Society for Rehabilitation of Disabled, Lahore, from July 2013 to May 2019. Sample size of 44 children four week or older displaced lateral condyle humerus Milch type I & II frac- tures were included; and children with a history of previous surgery were excluded. After approval from the Institutional Review Board of the Hosp italand,informedwritten consentsfromchildrenandtheir parents, where required, were obtained. All children were managed with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with Kirschner wire (K-wire) with bone grafting using Kocher approached(Figure1).K-wiresbetween1.8-mmto2.5-mmsize were used. The site of bone graft was the metaphyseal area of the lateral lower condyle of the humerus or proximal ulna of the children. Carrying angle, infection, fracture union, and elbow function were evaluated.