International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | June 2021 | Vol 9 | Issue 6 Page 1774 International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences Wajid S et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2021 Jun;9(6):1774-1777 www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012 Case Report Spontaneous pneumothorax as a complication in COVID‐19 recovered male patient: a case report from a tertiary care centre in Central India Sheikh Wajid 1 , Manoj Kela 1 *, Abhishek Bawa 1 , Rohit Harchandani 1 , Ashish Vora 1 , Vinod Bhandari 1 , Rajesh Sharma 1 , Ravi Dosi 2 INTRODUCTION Cononavirus is a single stranded RNA virus with positive sense. It belongs to the family coronaviridae which derives its name from corona i.e. the latin translation of word crown. This owes to small bulbar projections formed by viral spike S peplomers that appear like a crown on electron microscopy. The same S protiens which generate neutralising antibodies play a pivotal role in protective immunity. Pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air in pleural space. It can occur either because of air leakage outside in or inside out. In cases of outside in, it can be classified as traumatic pneumothorax that results from penetrating or blunt traumatic chest injuries. Cases that justify inside out, also named as Spontaneous pneumothorax, are pathologies of the lung parenchyma which can be infectious (secondary spontaneous pneumothorax) or non-infectious (primary spontaneous pneumothorax). Several recent autopsy studies published showed that vascular disease diffuse alveolar damage and lymphocyte infiltration are present in lungs of patient that come to COVID-19 disease. We hypothesize that those pathological findings associated with COVID-19 pneumonitis may lead to bulla formation and thereby redispose to spontaneous pneumothorax. Here, we present one subsequent case of respiratory deterioration caused by primary spontaneous pneumothorax in COVID-19 patients. CASE REPORT A 65-year-old male COVID-19 suffered complains of cough and fever on 9 August 2020. The patient took antibiotics tablet azithromycin and other supportive treatment till 12 August 2020. The patient gave his nasopharyngeal sample for COVID-19 on 12 August. The patient came to tertiary medical care centre Indore on 14 August. Meanwhile the patient was reported positive for 1 Department of Surgery, SAMC & PGI, SAIMS university, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, SAMC & PGI, SAIMS university, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India Received: 21 February 2021 Revised: 28 March 2021 Accepted: 06 May 2021 *Correspondence: Dr. Manoj Kela, E-mail: drmpkela@yahoo.com Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ABSTRACT As the number of COVID-19 cases emerge new complications associated with the disease are recognised. This report records a case of pneumothorax in a COVID-19 patient. Our report justifies that pneumothorax can occur during different phases of disease in patients without any history of pulmonary comorbidity and is not necessarily associated to positive pressure ventilation or a severity of COVID-19. However debatable might be the exact mechanism of the process be, this observation might imply that extensive alveolar destruction due to COVID-19 may lead to bulla formation resulting in subsequent pneumothorax. Keywords: COVID-19, Pneumothorax, Pulmonary comorbidity, Cough, Middle east respiratory syndrome DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20212251