Zoological Studies 46(4): 397-426 (2007) 397 The living bryozoan fauna of Taiwan has not previously been studied, leaving a large gap in the knowledge of western Pacific taxa. This paper reports an initial taxonomic study of the bryozoan fauna of Green I., off the southeastern coast of Taiwan. Materials were collected during a very limited amount of time from within a single shal- low-water reef, yet these new data suggest that the bryozoans of Taiwan are both common and diverse. In species diversity, the phylum Bryozoa is of medium size, with over 6,000 extant species and around 15,000 known fossils. The phylum , s great- est abundance and diversity is found in shallow coastal waters of the western Indo-Pacific region with a significant number of species having also been recorded from Mexico, Western Europe, southeastern Australia, and polar regions (Okada and Mawatari 1958, Kluge 1962 1975, Schopf 1970) (see Gordon 1984). It is presumed by some scientists that the greatest diversity of bryozoan fauna occurs in the tropics but “current knowledge about tropical bryozoan fauna is still largely found- ed on a very few monographic accounts (Canu and Bassler 1929, Harmer 1915 1926 1934 1957), the usefulness of which is limited by the vast geo- graphical areas they cover, and by their outdated and conservative taxonomy” as Hayward and Ryland (1995: 533) stated in their paper on Bryozoa from Heron I., Australia. The New Zealand bryozoan fauna was first described by Gray (1843). Subsequent papers on western Pacific marine Bryozoa have appeared sporadically. They include only 5 larger works (Hutton 1873 1904, Brown 1952, Powell 1967, Uttley and Bullivant 1972) until Gordon (1984) published the first of his monographs on 202 species and subspecies from Kermadec Ridge, of Bryozoan Fauna of Green Island, Taiwan: First Indications of Biodiversity Tea Gluhak 1, *, Jane E. Lewis 2 , and Aleksandar Popijac 3 1 The County of Split and Dalmatia, Administrative Department of Town Planning and Environmental Protection, Domovinskog rata 2, 21000 Split, Croatia 2 PO Box 7-18, Keelung 202, Taiwan 3 Laboratory for Animal Ecology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia (Accepted September 18, 2006) Tea Gluhak, Jane E. Lewis, and Aleksandar Popijac (2007) Bryozoan fauna of Green Island, Taiwan: first indications of biodiversity. Zoological Studies 46(4): 397-426. As part of an initiative to inventory the poorly known Taiwan bryozoan fauna, this paper reports on results of 2 workshops that processed and identified col- lections from Green I., southeastern Taiwan. In total, 30 species of 22 genera were found, six of which are new to science. The new species, all in the order Cheilostomata, are Amastigia tricervicornis, Caberea sinensis, Catenicella marceli, Hemismittoidea taiwanensis, Parasmittina spiculata, and Celleporina aviculari- dentata. In comparing the 3 major groups, cheilostomes predominated, only a few cyclostome taxa were rec- ognized, and no ctenostomes were found. These completely new data from Green I. likely reflect the taxonom- ic richness of the bryozoan fauna in the tropical western Pacific biogeographic region, even though this region still remains relatively poorly inventoried. http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/46.4/397.pdf Key words: Bryozoa, Faunistic review, New species, Taiwan, Tropical western Pacific. *To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. Tel: 385-91-5357634. E-mail:tea.gluhak@zg.htnet.hr, tea.gluhak@dalmacija.hr