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The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; SP-10(11): 1943-1947
ISSN (E): 2277- 7695
ISSN (P): 2349-8242
NAAS Rating: 5.23
TPI 2021; SP-10(11): 1943-1947
© 2021 TPI
www.thepharmajournal.com
Received: 12-09-2021
Accepted: 15-10-2021
Vivek Sahu
Ph.D. Scholar, GADVASU,
Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Vikas Pathak
Department of Livestock
Products Technology, College of
Veterinary Sciences and Animal
Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Meena Goswami
Department of Livestock
Products Technology, College of
Veterinary Sciences and Animal
Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura,
Uttar Pradesh, India
Priya
Livestock Production and
Management Section, Indian
Veterinary Research Institute,
Izatnagar, Bareilly, Farah, Uttar
Pradesh, India
Corresponding Author
Vivek Sahu
Ph.D. Scholar, GADVASU,
Ludhiana, Punjab, India
Optimization of sugar level to develop healthy goat
milk shrikhand
Vivek Sahu, Vikas Pathak, Meena Goswami and Priya
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2021.v10.i11Sq.8955
Abstract
The present study was conducted to optimize the sugar level for preparation of goat milk shrikhand,
which is the demand of present day health conscious consumer. Goat milk shrikhand was prepared with
three different levels of sugar i.e. 20% (S1), 25% (S2) and 30% (S3) and evaluated for various physico-
chemical properties and sensory attributes. pH values and moisture content decreased significantly
(P<0.05) whereas titratable acidity, ash content and brix values increased significantly (P<0.05) with
increased sugar content in goat milk shrikhand. Textural parameters i.e. consistency, cohesiveness and
work of cohesiveness values were significantly (P<0.05) higher in S2 and S3 than S1. There was no
significant difference in colour parameters among the treatments. The scores of all sensory attributes
increased significantly (P<0.05) with increased sugar content and S3 had significantly (P<0.05) higher
flavour, sweetness, mouth coating and overall acceptability scores than S1 and S2. Therefore, S3- goat
milk shrikhand prepared with 30% sugar content was found as the best treatment.
Keywords: Goat milk shrikhand, sugar, optimization, textural and colour parameter, sensory evaluation
Introduction
India is leading milk producer in the world with 187.7 million tonnes of milk (NDDB, 2019)
[1]
due to advancement of technology, proper nutrition and appropriate manage mental practices.
Livestock contributes about 9.2% in gross value added (GVA) and 26.2% in agriculture sector
in India. The livestock population in India includes 302.3 million bovines, 74.3 million sheep,
148.9 million goats, about 9.1 million pigs and 851.8 million poultry. The rural and urban
population of goat is 129.081 million and 6.092 million respectively in India. Total goat milk
production in India is 6.09 million tones, out of which Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh produce
2.31 million tonnes and 1.34 million tonnes respectively (DAHD, 2019)
[2]
. Goat milk
production is a dynamic and growing industry that is fundamental to the wellbeing of millions
people worldwide and is an important part of the economy in India. Goat milk is having better
digestibility, alkalinity, buffering capacity and certain therapeautic values in medicine and
human nutrition (Park and Chukwu, 1989; Park, 1994)
[3, 4]
in comparison to cow’s or human
milk. The goat milk microbiota is also considered a good source of novel bacteriogenic Lactic
acid bacteria (LAB) strains that can be exploited as an alternative for use as bio preservative in
food (Perin and Nero, 2014)
[5]
. It is also rich source of amino acid, being 20-40 folds higher
than cow milk (Mehaia and Al-Kanhal, 1992)
[6]
which is involved in bile salt formation,
osmoregulation, antioxidation, calcium transport and in the central nervous system (Redmond
et al., 1998)
[7]
. Minerals content such as calcium, potassium, magnesium and chloride as well
as vitamin A, B, C, D, thiamin and niacin content of goat milk is higher than that of cow milk
(Chandan et al., 1992)
[8]
. Goat milk also contains higher content of three characteristics fatty
acids i.e. caproic acid, caprylic and capric acid which are having medicinal values for patients
suffering from malabsorption, childhood epilepsy, cystic fibrosis and gallstones (Haenlin,
1992)
[9]
; however these are responsible for intense “goaty flavour” which limits the
acceptability of goat milk products among the consumers. Hence, flavour and aroma are main
sensory attributes for acceptance of goat milk products, again addition of sugar may mask
goaty flavor and help to improve overall acceptability of goat milk products. Therefore,
present study was conducted to optimize the sugar level during preparation of goat milk
shrikhand.
Materials and methods
The experiment was conducted in the Department of Livestock Products Technology, College
of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, U.P. Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu