© 2021 JETIR June 2021, Volume 8, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIR2106040 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org a268 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic: Its outbreak and current status Authors: Ms. Anjum Abbasi, Dr. S.P. Subashini, Dean School of Nursing, Ms. Simrat Kaur, Ms. Pooja Saraswat (Department of Medical Surgical Nursing) GALGOTIAS UNIVERSITY Abstract Background: In late December 2019 and on 1st January 2020, the coronavirus (COVID-19) infecting humans was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. Later cases have also been confirmed worldwide. Coronaviruses are RNA viruses that are phenotypically and genotypically diverse. Globally, as of 6th April 2020, laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported to the World Health Organisation (WHO) amounted to 1 211 214, including 67 666 deaths. Aim: In the current study, we performed a literature review on coronavirus outbreakto summarise details about the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and the management strategies for the disease control. Pathogenesis: Coronaviruses are tremendously precise and mature only in differ- entiated respiratory epithelial cells, as seen in both organ cultures as well as human volunteers. This virus will cause the antiviral T-cell response to be erratic, owing to the T-cell apoptosis activation, triggering the immune system to collapse. Transmission: The understanding of the transmission of COVID-19 risk is incomplete. The transmission mainly occurs through the respiratory droplets once an infected person sneezes, like the spread of flu and other respiratory infectious agents. Clinical presentation: Presentations of COVID-19 includes fever, cough, shortness of breath, malaise and respiratory distress. Treatment: There have been no approved vaccines available for COVID-19 until today. The Ministry of Science and Technology in the People’s Republic of China declared three potential antiviral medicines suitable for treating COVID-19. Those three medicines are, namely, favilavir, chloroquine phosphate and remdesivir. Hydroxychloroquine combined with azithromycin enhances the reduction of the viral load in COVID-19 patients.