International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2015): 78.96 | Impact Factor (2015): 6.391 Volume 6 Issue 8, August 2017 www.ijsr.net Licensed Under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY Correlation of Immunoexpression of E-Cadherin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor to Histopathology Gradation and Enlargement Regional Lymph Node in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Chairunas 1 , Harmas Yazid Yusuf 2 , Bethy Suryawathy Hernowo 3 1 Oral Surgery and Maxilofacial Deparment, Dentistry Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh-Indoensia 2 Oral Surgery and Maxilofacial Departmen, Dentistry Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Bandung-Indonesia 3 Anotomy Pathology Department, Medical Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Bandung-Indoensia Abstract: Introduction : Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)is the most common factor of secondary infection in the head and neck. Changes in the expression function of both E-Cadherin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) genes are known to provide an increased chance of invasion, metastasis and tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry immune techniques are known to examine the expression of tumor-linked gene proteins (immunoexpression) with a high degree of cellular accuracy. Method : A total of 30 body tissue subjects were selected from patients of Anatomical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran-Hospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Subsequently prepared using immunohistochemistry principles to test the correlation of histopathology gradation and immunoexpression of both E-Cadherin and VEGF. This cross sectional study with secondary data was retrospective and then evaluated correlation ofboth immunoexpressions of E-Cadherin and VEGF. Correlation using Correlation Rank Spearman with significance p <0,05. Results : There was a negative correlation (r s =-0.522) and significant (p <0.005) between E-Cadherin and histopathology gradations of OSCC. Results also showed no significant correlation between immunoexpression of both E-Cadherin and VEGF to enlargement of lymph nodes regional of OSCC. Conclusion : Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma . Either E-Cadherin or VEGF is unrelated in enlargement of regional lymph nodes of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Keywords: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, E-Cadherin, VEGF, histopathology gradations,immunoexpression. 1. Introduction Tumors occur as a result of accumulation of genetic changes including activation of proto-oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes.[1]Tumors can be prevented by early examination as investigations marker known as marker for prognosisbiology of tumor.Immunohistochemistryknown as the potentialtechnique to prognosis of tumor growth which is still need evaluate in the future.[2-5]Immunohistochemistry staining technique can examine the protein expression of the gene known as immunoexpression which is related to tumor cell level and it the accuracy is quite high and can be performed in conjunction with routine pathological examination of paraffin tissue blocks or fresh tissue with Fast and at a relatively more affordable cost.[3, 4-6] One of the oral cavity tumors of concern to date is Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma caused by extrinsic factors including cigarettes, tobacco, alcohols, viruses, and other chemical agents. Intrinsic factors such as malnutrition or deficiency anemia, and immunological factors.[7,8,9] E-Cadherin is an adhesion molecule that is expressed by normal epithelial tissues that contribute to the formation of the gland, stratification and polarization epitel.[10,11] E- Cadherin gene is located on chromosome 16q22.1 associated with invasive karsinoma.[12,13,14] History Research Reported that E-Cadherin is a tumor suppressor gene.[15,16.] Specifically, E-Cadherin is associated with intercellular adhesion activity in tumor tissue in the early stages of invasion and metastasis.[17,18] Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) contributes to the growth of endothelial cells to support blood vessel formation. This protein has an effect on the mechanism of angiogenesis. Tumor growth is always correlated with the development of VEGF function, by pressing the signal angiogenesis.[19.20]Addition, the ability to grow and survival of cancer cells is dependent on the intake of oxygen and nutrients, one of them the role of hypoxia inducible factor / HIF-1 regulation governing the response to hypoxia on tumor growth .[17.21] E-Cadherin which serves as the adhesion between cells, the loss of expression of this gene is associated with increased power of invasion and metastasis, VEGF [21] and role in the process of angiogenesis growth tumor.[22] Both of these proteins can be used as one indicator to assess neovascularization on squamous cell carcinoma.[17, 21]This study also evaluate immunoexpressi of E-Cadherin and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) with gradation and enlargement of regional lymph nodes in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity Paper ID: ART20176086 DOI: 10.21275/ART20176086 969