International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075, Volume-8, Issue-9S3, July 2019 1576 Retrieval Number: I33290789S319/2019©BEIESP DOI: 10.35940/ijitee.I3329.0789S319 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Abstract: In physiological health, negative effects are felt when unwanted noise is present. Given the negative effects of the unwanted noise, it become important to examine how environmentally-friendly and efficient sound absorbing materials could be developed. Some of the materials associated with acoustic absorption properties entail polymer foams. Particularly, the foams aid in controlling noise. The central purpose of this study was to examine renewable polymer (PU) foam composites’ aspects of moisture content and acoustical properties. Four major parameters that were evaluated included the thickness of the sample, the type of filler, the ratio of the fillers, and the nature of the monomer. A design of experiment (DoE) technique was employed. To prepare the PUs foams, 28 mm and 100 mm were selected as diameters for the cylindrical shapes on focus. Plotting the main effects was achieved through ANOVA, upon which variations in the role and performance of the selected input factors were discerned. From the findings, it was established that when bio-epoxy (B) was used in conjunction with renewable PU foams, the moisture content was greater than the case involving petroleum based PU foam synthesis. Hence, renewable PU foam composite is seen to be realized at 0.9, especially if the filler ratios and size are increased; with the experimental conditions set at 3 kHz. Overall, the study established that the renewable Pus’ state of sound absorption exhibits good agreement with the case of synthetic PU foam. Index Terms: Acoustic; ANOVA; DoE; PU foams; Renewable I. INTRODUCTION Currently, one of the notable environmental pollutants is noise. With its associated negative effects on the health of the public, noise refers to an undesirable sound. The long-term effect entails impaired human lifestyle. Previous studies have focused on some of the methods through which acoustic systems could be improved, especially among sound absorbing materials that aid in improving the quality of human life [1-5]. The extent to which the sound absorbing Revised Manuscript Received on July 22, 2019. Hanani Abdul WahabSustainable Polymer Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SPEN-AMMC), Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Anika Zafiah M. Rus,Sustainable Polymer Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SPEN-AMMC), Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. M. F. L. Abdullah, Department of Communication Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Nur Munirah Abdullah, Sustainable Polymer Engineering, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SPEN-AMMC), Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. materials could absorb the sound form a major determinant of their categorization into various groups. In particular, the materials are expected to reflect minimal sound waves while ensuring that most of the waves (sound waves) are absorbed as desired [6]. Hence PU foams (flexible polyurethane) exhibiting high porosity have gained increasing use towards controlling noise. They have gained use in industrial scenarios because of their promising features or properties such as acoustic absorption properties, excellent viscoelasticity, being light in weight, and effective sound absorption [7, 8]. However, most of polyurethane (PU) foams are based of raw materials from petroleum. Nonetheless, recent environmental issue invokes studies on bio-based monomers such as palm oil and waste vegetable oil [9 -11]. Currently, issues of sustainability when using polymer foams arises thus movements towards the production of bio-based plastics and composites became an important aspect. Thus, advancement towards bio-foam is further focused for better sustainability options. Thus, advancement towards bio-foam is further focused for better sustainability options. Additionally, natural fiber use in relation to PU foam fabrication is increasing. The trend is associated with the modern technical developments that have led to the realization of more environmentally friendly and economical fiber processing techniques, as well as the biodegradable nature of the natural fibers [12-14]. The DoE experimental approach refers to a technique of solving problems systematically, especially in the engineering field. His method incorporates techniques and principles during the phase of data collection [15]. In one of the previous studies by P. Muray et al., [16], it was documented that the DoE optimization technique is advantageous because it gives insight into a cause and effect correlation between or among variables, eventually supporting the processes of input management and optimization before reaching the production stage [17, 18]. As such, this study applies the DoE’s factorial technique to gain insight into the operation of various parameters. Particularly, the approach is applied to the Pus foams to establish the correlation between factors that affect PU foam composite responses. II. METHODOLOGY As indicated in Figure 1, a one-shot technique was employed towards polymer preparation. To prepare the composite and the polymer foam, both the cross linker and the polyols were mixed. The ratio at which Sound Absorption Coefficient and Water Content Responses in Acoustic Analysis Based on Renewable Polyurethane Foam Composites Hanani Abdul Wahab, Anika Zafiah M. Rus, M. F. L. Abdullah, Nur Munirah Abdullah