_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ *Corresponding author: E-mail: jeevitham.sdc@saveetha.com; Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International 33(62B): 1-7, 2021; Article no.JPRI.80189 ISSN: 2456-9119 (Past name: British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Past ISSN: 2231-2919, NLM ID: 101631759) Measurement of Salivary Tumor Necrosis Factor- alpha (TNF- α) in Periodontitis Patients with or without Diabetes Mellitus A. Swetaa a , M. Jeevitha b* and Selvaraj Jayaraman c a Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India. b Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India. c Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India. Authors’ contributions This work was carried out in collaboration among all authors. Author AS designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol, and wrote the first draft manuscript. Authors MJ and SJ managed the analyses of the study and managed the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. Article Information DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/v33i62B35163 Open Peer Review History: This journal follows the Advanced Open Peer Review policy. Identity of the Reviewers, Editor(s) and additional Reviewers, peer review comments, different versions of the manuscript, comments of the editors, etc are available here: https://www.sdiarticle5.com/review-history/80189 Received 24 October 2021 Accepted 28 December 2021 Published 29 December 2021 ABSTRACT Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory mediator considered to be a soluble mediator released from immunocompetent cells. It exercises a wide range of proinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in different cell populations, such as stimulating prostaglandin synthesis, promoting tumors in a variety of cancers, producing proteases, and activating osteoclastic function and therefore bone resorption. Its myriad functions suggest that TNF-α plays an important role in mediating the immune-inflammatory responses initiated by infection or other types of damage. Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the concentrations of Tumour Necrosis Factor- alpha (TNF- α) in the saliva of periodontitis patients with or without diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: A total of 30 participants were taken and divided into 3 groups with each group consisting of 10 saliva samples from patients with clinically healthy gingiva and patients with Original Research Article