Research Article Regenerative Braking in Electric Vehicle Using Quadratic Gain Bidirectional Converter Mukesh Kumar , 1 Kumar Abhishek Singh , 1 Kalpana Chaudhary , 1 R. K. Saket , 1 and Baseem Khan 2 1 Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India 2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hawassa University, Awasa, Ethiopia Correspondence should be addressed to Baseem Khan; baseem.khan04@gmail.com Received 30 September 2021; Revised 9 December 2021; Accepted 13 December 2021; Published 31 January 2022 Academic Editor: N. Prabaharan Copyright © 2022 Mukesh Kumar et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. e manuscript proposes a quadratic gain bidirectional converter (QGBC). e proposed converter is operated in two different stages—step-up (motoring) and step-down (regenerative braking)—which can be employed in electric vehicle (EV) applications. e converter is operated in the continuous inductor current mode (CICM). For regenerative braking (RB) of permanent magnet brushless DC (PMBLDC) motor, the self-inductance of the motor is exploiting to step up the back electromagnetic force (EMF) of the motor to extract the energy even at low rotor speed. e design parameters of the converter are selected as battery voltage V s � 48 V, output voltage V o � 200 V, output power P o � 1 kW, and switching frequency f s � 20 kHz. e design system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, a 1 kW prototype is developed for validation and performance analysis of the converter. e converter operates at maximum efficiency of 95% during step-up operation of the converter. A DSP micro- controller TMS320F28335 is used to control the switches of the converter in the experimental setup. 1. Introduction e advancement of technology and standards of living continues to enhance. Nowadays, most of the works depend on electrical energy. Many commercial applications, such as uninterrupted power supply, electric vehicles (EVs), and microgrids. Batteries and bidirectional DC-DC converters (BDCs) have the main role for these systems. In recent years, the whole world moving towards the electric vehicle as fossil fuel are devastating and concern of environmental effect. In the vehicle, the motor drive and power electronic converter should be capable of bidirectional energy interference with the battery and motor drive system. A high gain BDC is proposed in [1, 2]. e high gain BDCs are used in electric vehicles (EVs) as they convert low voltage to high voltage and recovery of energy during regenerative braking (RB) which will enhance the driving range of the vehicle. Figure 1 explicate the electrical system of an EV which consists of a battery, BDC, DC-AC converter, electrical machine, and transmission system. Many high gain converter topologies have been proposed that can be categorized in different ways: isolated and nonisolated circuits. e transformer- based and isolated topology [3–5], a transformer or coupled inductor, is used for high gain. e problem with coupled- inductor or transformer has leakage inductance. To over- come the problem of leakage inductance, a snubber circuit is used. e nonisolated BDC topologies [6, 7] are simple in design and controlling without galvanic isolation. Due to the simple design and without galvanic isolation, the converter size, and low cost, the nonisolated BDC is most preferred. Due to circuit parasitic components, a high duty cycle, and voltage stress on switches, this converter has a restricted voltage gain. To get a high voltage gain, different topologies have been proposed a few years back [8] to reduce voltage stress. A coupled inductor is used, but due to the presence of leakage inductance which increases the voltage stress, additional clamping circuit is used to reduce the voltage stress. A multiport transformerless converter [9, 10] Hindawi International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems Volume 2022, Article ID 4024730, 20 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4024730