BaIn
0.3
Ti
0.7
O
2.85
/BaIn
0.3
Ti
0.7
O
2.85
-Ni Electrolyte/Anode
Half Cell for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Prepared by Reactive
Sintering
Marika Letilly,* Olivier Joubert, and Annie Le Gal La Salle
Institut des Mate ´riaux Jean Rouxel (IMN), CNRS-Universite ´ de Nantes, 2 rue de la Houssinie `re,
BP 32229, 44322 Nantes, France
BaIn
0.3
Ti
0.7
O
2.85
(BIT07)/BIT07-Ni electrolyte/anode half cell was prepared by reactive sintering for solid oxide fuel
cells. The precursors were BaCO
3
, In
2
O
3
, and TiO
2
for electrolyte and BaCO
3
, In
2
O
3
, TiO
2
, NiO, and carbon black for
anode. The bi-layers were prepared by a multilayer tape casting and co-firing method. The compositions and microstructures
of the phases were studied by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The electrolytes were
dense with pure perovskite phase with a thickness about 15 lm. The anodes were porous and no obvious reaction was found
between NiO and the precursors of BIT07.
Introduction
Due to their high energy efficiency and environ-
mentally friendly behavior, solid oxide fuel cells
(SOFC) are of great interest as energy conversion
devices.
1
Lowering the working temperature around
700–800°C has been proposed, as at 1000°C, several
issues are encountered (use of expensive ceramic inter-
connectors and stability of the cell).
2
At such tempera-
tures, the electrolyte has to be as thin as possible to
limit the ohmic loss and it has to exhibit a high ionic
conductivity level. BIT07 exhibits an ionic conductivity
level around 10
2
S/cm at 700°C.
3
BaIn
0.3
Ti
0.7
O
2.85
(BIT07) is compatible with mixed ionic and electronic
conductor (MIEC) cathode materials, such as LSCF
and Nd
2
NiO
4+d
.
4
A study has shown that BIT07 and
LSCF can react above 1000°C, to form of a perovskite
type phase. The product of the reaction between x mol
% of BIT07 and (1x) mol% of LSCF is a MIEC
with the chemical formula Ba
x
La
0.58(1x)
Sr
0.4(1x)
In
0.3x
Ti
0.7x
Co
0.2(1x)
Fe
0.8(1x)
O
3d
(0 x 1), called
*marika.letilly@cnrs-imn.fr
© 2012 The American Ceramic Society
Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol., 1–5 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1744-7402.2012.02776.x