JPII 6 (1) (2017) 145-152
Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia
http://journal.unnes.ac.id/index.php/jpii
UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ MENTAL MODEL OF CELL BIOLOGY
S. Saptono*, W. Isnaeni, S. Sukaesih
Biology Department, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
DOI: 10.15294/jpii.v6i1.9603
Accepted: February 27
th
2017. Approved: March 23
th
2017. Published: 30
th
April 2017
ABSTRACT
A descriptive study of future teacher students’ mental models of essential concepts in Cell Biology was carried
out through explanatory mixed-methods. Some students (n=40) of Biology Education Universitas Negeri Sema-
rang were involved as the research subject. We used a diagnostic test, structured interview guides, and field notes
to describe students’ mental model. In the early stage, we prepare a diagnostic test performed essential concepts
of Cell Biology. Secondly, we define students’ mental models map based on their answers. Thirdly, we identify
factors which affect students’ mental models. Exploration of mental models was conducted through structured
interviews with students representing each category. The interview focused on reasoning and argumentation
students’ abilities in answering the question on the test item. The research finding describes that students’ mental
model in Cell Biology is grouped into three categories, macro-mental to think based of basic content, micro-
mental in correlation of content, and intuitive-mental or misconception. This finding can be used in improving
research-based learning in Cell Biology.
© 2017 Science Education Study Program FMIPA UNNES Semarang
Keywords: cell biology; mental model; undergraduate students
INTRODUCTION
One aspect was the focus of many research
studies in science education is reform of science
teaching as a learning process of science content
and science learning as training and retention
process of science content. This idea suggests that
science learning process should pay more attenti-
on to students understanding science content. In
this regard, explicitly American Association for
the Advancement of Science/AAAS (2009) sug-
gested that science learning should prioritize te-
aching for understanding.
Indicator of teaching for understanding
successfully is students’ ability in a wide range
of thinking and reasoning, like how to explain,
collecting evidence, providing an example, ana-
lyzing, making analogy and reasoning, and app-
lying scientific concepts in new situations (Gre-
ca& Moreira, 2000; Janssen, et al. 2009; Fry &
Marshall, 2008; Johnson-Laird, 2010; Macbeth,
et al., 2014). As an implication, the learning pro-
cess in higher education should switch to higher
order learning scheme (Fry & Marshall, 2008,
Khasanah, et al., 2016). Higher order learning
emphasizes on students understanding and cre-
ativity, such as being able to comprehend and
construct knowledge based on facts, analyze the
connection between knowledge with other rele-
vant knowledge.
Learning in science has a very important
role in concepts understanding, application of
concepts, analytical thinking, and develop stu-
dents’ insights about daily life phenomena. The
process of phenomena understanding in science
has a positive contribution to reasoning ability
development. Science learning process in college
cannot be reached only by rote information, but it
must be supported by logical reasoning and ana- *Alamat korespondensi:
E-mail: sigit_biounnes@mail.unnes.ac.id